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Science Ch. 5
vocab.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Thermal Energy | the sum of the Kinetic and Potential energy of a material. |
| Temperature | represents the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a material. The greater the average kinetic energy of particles the greater the temperature. |
| Fahrenheit scale | water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees |
| Celsius scale | water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees (the Celsius scale is used by scientists worldwide. |
| Kelvin scale | water freezes at 273 K and boils at 373 K. The lowest possible temperature for any material is 0 K. |
| Heat | is the movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object. |
| Radiation | the transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by electromagnetic waves. All matter including the Sun transfers thermal energy by radiation. |
| Conduction | the transfer of thermal energy between materials by the collisions of particles. Conduction continues until the thermal energy of all particles in contact is equal. |
| Thermal conductors | material through which thermal energy flows easily. Example: medals |
| Thermal insulators | material through which thermal energy does not flow easily. Ex: cloth |
| Specific Heat | amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a material by 1 degrees Celsius. All materials have a specific heat. |
| Thermal Contraction | is a decrease in a materials volume when its temperature decreases. |
| Thermal Expansion | is a increase in a materials volume when its temperature increases. |
| Convection | is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part of a material to another. Only occurs in fluids. |
| Convection Currents | movement of fluids in a cycle because of convection. |
| What plays a major rule in Earths Climate? | Convection currents |
| Heating Appliance | a device that converts electric energy into thermal energy. Examples: curling iron, coffeemakers |
| Thermostat | a device that regulates the temperature of a system. Example: refrigerator, toasters |
| Refrigerator | device that uses electric energy to transfer thermal energy from a cooler location to a warmer location. |
| Heat Engine | a machine that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy. |
Created by:
rdeller
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