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The Study Of Life
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | The study of living things. |
| Organism | A living thing |
| The scientific method | A process of investigation in which problems are identified and their suggested explanations are tested by carrying out experiments. There are 7 steps. |
| 1. Observation | Observation may be obtained directly by using our senses, or using equipment such as a thermometer or microscope. |
| 2. Hypothesis | A hypothesis is an educated guess based on observation. |
| 3. Experimentation | An experiment is designed to test a hypothesis. The result of the experiment or series of experiments will either support or contradict the hypothesis. |
| 4. Collection and interpretation of data. | Data consists of the measurements, observations or information gathered from experiments. |
| 5. Conclusion | The data gathered from the experiments is used to find a conclusive result. |
| 6. Relating the conclusion to existing knowledge | On the basis of the conclusion the hypothesis is: *supported if results agree fully *changed if the results agree only partially *rejected if the results contradict it. |
| 7. Reporting and publishing the results | The results of the experiment should be written down and reported so they can be examined and analyzed by others. |
| Theory | A theory is a hypothesis that has been supported by many different experiments. |
| Principle or Law | These come from a theory that has been show to be valid when fully tested over time. |
| Variable | A factor that may change in an experiment. |
| Control | Used to provide a standard against which the actual experiment can be judged. |
| Random Selection | When selecting the subject of an experiment the selection should be random. |
| Metabolism | The sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism. |
| Life | The possession of all the following characteristics: Organised, required nutrition and excretion, capable of responding and reproducing. |
| Organisation | Living things are composed of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. |
| Nutrition | The way that organisms obtain and use food. |
| Excretion | The removal of waste products of metabolism from the body. |
| Response | The way in which all living things react to changes (Called stimuli) in their environment or surroundings. |
| Reproduction | The production of new individuals. |
| Biomolecules | Chemicals that are made inside a living thing. |
| Carbohydrates | A bio molecule made of carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). There are three types of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. |
| Monosaccharides | The smallest unit of carbohydrates. They consist of a single sugar unit. Examples are Glucose and Fructose. |
| Disaccharides | These consist of two monosaccharides joined together. Examples are Sucrose (table sugar), Maltose, and Lactose. |
| Polysaccharides | Consist of many monosaccharides joined together. Examples include Starch, Cellulose and Glycogen. |
Created by:
Fionn Murphy
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