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SLS Bio12 Cell Struc
SLS Bio12 Cell Structure RG
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Transport | Use of a plasma membrane carrier protein nd energy to move a substance into or out of a cell from lower to high concentration |
| carrier protein | Protein molecules that combines with a substance and transports it through the plasma membrane |
| Cell membrane | Phospholipid bilayer that controls passage through cell |
| Channel proteins | Forms a channel to allow a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane |
| Concentration Gradient | Gradual change in chemical concentration from one point to another |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules or ions from a region of low concentration; it requires no energy and stops when the distribution is equal |
| endocytosis | Process which substances are moved into the cell from the environment through phagocytosis (cell eating) or pinocytosis (cell drinking) |
| exocytosis | Proceess in which an intracellular vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane so that the vesicle's contents are released outside the cell. |
| facilitated transport | Use of a plasma membrane carrier to move a substance into or out of a cell from higher to lower concentration (no energy required) |
| Fluid-Mosiac membrane model | Model for the plasma membrane based on the changing location and pattern of protein molecules in a fluid phospholipid bilayer. (contains not just the smooth phospholipid bilayer, also other proteins) |
| glycolipid | Lipid in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain attached to a hydrophobic tail. |
| glycoprotein | Protein in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain |
| hydrophilic | Interacts with water by dissolving water and/or forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules |
| hydrophobic | Does not interact with water because it is nonpolar |
| isotonic | Equal in solute concentration to that of the cell; causes cell to neither lose nor gain water bu osmosis. |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| passive transport processes | |
| Phagocytosis | Process which amoeboidtype cells engulf large substances, forming an intracellular vacuole |
| phospholipid | Membrane, polar head- hydrophilic. two nonpolar, hydrophobic tails |
| phospholipid bilayer | The membrane of the cell, controlls passage |
| pinocytosis | Vesicle formation brings macromolecules into the cell |
| pressure gradient | |
| Selectively permeable | certain nonpolar, small nutrients and cells may pass through |
| tonicity |
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