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Weathering and soil
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five types of weathering? | waves, Wind, water, glacier, gravity |
| Wind | eronsion by deflation; the weakest agent |
| water | erosion through runoff, the strongest agent |
| Contour Plowing | Crops planted in curving rows. Prevents soil loss as much as 50 |
| Conservation Plowing | A method famers use when plowing, which leaves old crops on top to prevent the topsoil from blowing away |
| FALLOW soil | Crops are NOT planted to keep the soil fertile |
| Crop Rotation | Farmers rotate which plants they use every other season (year to year) |
| Terracing | Farmers cut level areas into the side of hills/mountains to slow down water from washing away the soil. they leveled edges of steps along a hillside that stops water flow and stores it or guides it safely off a field of soil. |
| Why is soil earth's most valuable resource? | because everything that lives depends on it |
| Strip mining | causes the top layer of land to be stripped away Once the land has been mined it is difficult to use the land for another purpose |
| Desertification- | Where a land that is fertile turns into desert-like conditions This occurs during a drought |
| The Dust Bowl | In the 1930’s, there was a drought (no rain). The soil turned to dust. The dust was blown from The Great Plains (Mid-western area) to New York. |
| Soil Conservation | The management of soil to prevent its destruction |
| Ways that soil can be conserved | contour plowing, conservation plowing,, crop rotation, and terracing |
| Contour Strip cropping | Contour strip cropping is crop rotation and contouring combined in equal-width strips of corn or soybeans planted on the contour and alternated with strips of oats, grass, or legumes |
| What does coutour strip cropping help conserve soil? | it reduces soil erosion and protects water quality |
| Contour Farming | is farming with row patterns that run nearly level around the hill--not up and down the hill. |
| How does contour farming help conserve soil? | it can reduce soil erosion by as much as 50% from up and down hill farming and By reducing sediment and runoff and contouring promotes better water quality |
| Windbreaks | are rows of trees and shrubs that protect areas from wind and provide food and cover for wildlife. |
| What are the benefits of windbreak for soil conservation? | reduces wind erosion, conserves energy, reduces heating bills and beautifies the landscape Trees serve as a sound barrier, muffling road noise Trees and shrubs provide wildlife food and cove |
| Tree planting | is used to establish trees in areas adapted to woodlands |
| how does tree planting help conserve soil? | provides Ground cover created by trees protects soil for erosion,Ground cover also protects water quality by filtering excess nutrients and chemicals from surface runoff Provides a long wildlife habitat |
| How does rotation help? | it protect water quality by preventing excess nutrients or chemicals from entering water supplies Crop rotations add diversity |
| How do terrance help? | The steps prevent soil erosion which is the best practice Both water and soil quality are improved |
| Decomposers | are the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and eat them with chemicals!!! |
| examples of decomposers | Fungi (mushrooms and molds),Bacteria,and Earthworms |
| glacier | a mass of ice moves slowly over land erosion by plucking and abrasion |
| waves | erosion by impact and abrasion |
| phsical weathering | water wind, temperature |
| chemical weathering | oxidation (rust) and acid rain |
Created by:
jenecia
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