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SLSBio12CT BB
SLS bio 12 Cell Transport Brandon Baker
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Transport | the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. |
| Carrier protein | Carrier proteins are proteins involved in the movement of large molecules in and out of a cell, down their concentration gradient. |
| cell membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| channel protein | A hollow or pore-containing protein that spans a cell membrane and acts as a conduit for small molecules, such as charged particles (ions). |
| concentration gradient | a gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution. |
| diffusion | the spreading of molecules more widely. |
| endocytosis | the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole. |
| exocytosis | a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane. |
| facilitated transport | a process of passive transport, with this passive transport aided by integral membrane proteins. |
| fluid-mosaic model | The 'cell membrane' is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. |
| glycolipid | Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition. |
| glycoprotein | any of a class of proteins which have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain. |
| hydrophyllic | water hating |
| hydrophobic | water loving |
| hypertonic | having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid. |
| hypotonic | having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid. |
| isotonic | denoting or relating to a solution having the same osmotic pressure as some other solution, especially one in a cell or a body fluid. |
| osmosis | a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one. |
| passive transport processes | A kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient, which means movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| phagocytosis | the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans. |
| phospholipid | a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule |
| phospholipid bylayer | The lipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules. |
| pinocytosis | the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane |
| pressure gradient | In atmospheric sciences, the pressure gradient is a physical quantity that describes which direction and at what rate the pressure changes the most rapidly around a particular location. |
| selectively permeable | A feature and a function of the plasma membrane that is essential to maintain homeostasis by regulating the passage of some substances while preventing others from entering the cell. |
| tonicity | Muscle tone/A state of normal firmness or functional readiness of body tissues or organs; a condition of sustained partial contraction of resting or relaxed muscles. |
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Bbaker12
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