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Chapter 4 Cell- KL3

QuestionAnswer
Passive Transport The movement of substances across a cell membrane without use of energy by the cell.
Concentration Gradient A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.
Equilibrium In chemistry, the state in which a chemical reaction and the reverse chemical reaction occur at the same rate such that the concentrations of reactants and products do not change.
Diffusion The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density.
Osmosis The diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution (of a solute) to a more concentrated solution (of a solute) through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent.
Hypertonic Solution Describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration of a cell.
Hypotonic Solution Describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration of a cell.
Isotonic Solution A solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell.
Ion Channel A pore in a cell membrane in which ions can pass.
Carrier Proteins A protein that transports substances across a cell membrane.
Facilitated Diffusion The transport of a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins.
Active Transport The movement of chemical substances that requires cells to use energy.
Sodium-Potassium Pump A protein that uses ATP to actively transport ions in and out of a cell.
Endocytosis The process where a cell membrane surrounds a particle to bring it into the cell.
Exocytosis The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the members to let the substance out.
Receptor Protein A protein that binds specific signal molecules, which causes the cell to respond.
Second Messenger A molecule that is generated when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on the outside of a cell membrane, which produces a change in cellular function.
Created by: Biology2013
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