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Maternal Newborn
Newborn Nutrition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three stages of human milk | colostrum, transitional milk, mature milk |
| Which stage of human milk is yellowish or creamy-appearing fluid that is thicker and contains more protein, fat-soluble vitamins and minerals | Colostrum |
| Which stage of human milk contains high levels of immunoglobulins (antibodies such as IgA and is a source of passive immunity for the newborn | Colostrum |
| which stage of human milk has more calories than colostrum and contains lactose, water-soluble vitamins, and elevated levels of fat | Transitional Milk |
| Transitional Milk appears ____ days after birth until approximately 2 weeks postpartum | 2-4 days after birth |
| Which stage of human milk has 10% solids (carbs, protein, and fat) and 90% water | Mature milk |
| Which stage of human milk composition varies according to time during feeding | Mature milk |
| ____ is obtained at beginning of the breast feeding with high water content and contains vitamins and protein | Foremilk |
| ____ released after initial letdown of milk has a higher fat concentration | Hindmilk |
| mature breast milk and prepared formulas provide ____ kcal/oz | 20 kcal/oz or 20 kcal/30ml |
| percentage of calories derived from ____ is lower in breast milk than formula | protein |
| greater percentage of calories in brest milk derived from ____ | fat |
| Newborn caloric intake is ____ kcal/lb/day | 50-55 kcal |
| Newborn fluid requirements is ____ mL/lb/day | 64-73 (remember 30ml=1oz) |
| first 6 months weight gain formula fed | 1 oz per day |
| first 6 months weight gain breastfed | .5oz/day |
| commercially prepared formulas, cow's milk proteins are high in___, low in___ and enriched with ___ | High renal solute load, protein and casein content and saturated fats. Low amounts of linoleic acid. Enriched with tyrosine, phenylalaine, iron and vitamins |
| Soy protein-based formulas are for infants with ___ | lactase deficiency or galactosemia. Substitute soy protein with methionine |
| What is used to prevent iron defiency anemia | iron-fortified formulas or supplements |
| T/F an infant who is allergic or intolerant to cow's milk protein can use a specialized or therapeutic formula | True |
| breast milk provides ____ in more appropriate doses than formulas | minerals |
| Although the concentration of iron in breast milk is ____ than formula, it is much more readily and fully absorbed | lower |
| with breast milk ____ are not lost through processing and heating | vitamins |
| immunologic advantages of breastfeeding include protection from what | respiratory and GI infections, otitis media, meningitis, sepsis and allergies |
| psychosocial advantages of breastfeeding include | maternal-infant attachment, oxytocin increases that causes even mood responses and increased feeling of maternal well-being |
| protein in breastmilk produces less nitrogen waste during metabolism which is a positive effect on the infant's ____ system | immature renal system |
| ____ may include a brief suspension of breastfeeding | newborn jaundice |
| ____ - ____ breastfeedings per day | 9-12 inconvenient and stressful |
| formula-fed babies gain weight faster because of higher ____ | protein |
| formula fed babies have an increased number of ____ and ____ infections | GI and respiratory |
| If formula is prepared improperly ____ are detrimental to kidneys and lead to thirst | excess salts |
| Early feeding of either breastmilk or formula | stimulates peristalsis and elemination of by-products of bilirubin conjugation |
| Timing of newborn feedings for breast and formula feeding | Breast immediately after birth, formula as soon as newborn shows interest |
| How often is a newborn fed breastmilk | 8-10X/day assists mother in establishing lactation. On demand. |
| How often is a formula newborn fed | awaken for feeding every 2-5 hours, satisfied with feedings every 3-4 hours b/c digest more slowly |
| After feeding newborn place on ____ side to aid drainage and facilitate gastric emptying | Right side |
| North American and European social influence on breastfeeding | modesty and embarrassment as reason not to breastfeed, indecent to expose breast, believe too much handling spoils children and regard weaning as a sign of infant development |
| Which cultures do not offer colostrum to newborn | Mexican American, Navajo, Filipino and Vietnamese |
| which culture gives newborns boiled water until mother's milk flows, feeds on demand and respons to cries immediately | Asian |
| How long do muslim and japanese women breastfeed | Muslim until child is 2yo breastfeed b/c Koran encourages it, Japanese breastfeed for baby's first year |
| Which culture emphasize plentiful frequent feeding and introduce solid foods early and added to infant's formula | African American |
| Which traditional culture considers a fat baby healthy, infants fed on demand and spoiling is encouraged | Traditional Mexican |
| Different practices are not inferior; ____ only if harmful to mother and baby | intervene |
| What prevents milk from being ejected into duct system | lack of self-confidence, fear of embarrassment and pain |
| Why does milk production decrease | repeated inhibition of milk ejection reflex and failure to empty breasts frequently and completely |
| positon of nose and gums to facilitate successful breastfeeding | nose is at level of the nipple and gums are on areola |
| During early feedings infant should be offered ____ at each feeding | both breasts and burp between feedings on each breast and at end of feeding |
| How to encourage a sleepy baby to breastfeed | unwrap baby skin-to-skin contact |
| Feeding cues | hand-to-mouth activity, fluttering eyelids, vocalization but not crying and mouthing activities |
| to establish supply and demand, initially ____ milk is produced than infant requires | more. First weeks, newborn needs and maternal responses are not well attuned |
| remove wet breast pads frequently to avoid ____ to nipples and infection | irritation |
| Signs of milk transfer to infant include | audible swalowing, milk appearing in baby's mouth, breast feeling soft after feeding, and milk leaking from opposite breast |
| Successful breastfeeding: the number of wet diapers increases by ____ day after birth. | 4th or 5th day - or 6-8 wet diapers ea day after day 5 |
| Baby's stools are yellow or begin to lighten in color by the ____ day with successful breastfeeding | 4th or 5th day |
| refrigerated breast milk used within ___ days | 3 |
| Breast milk can be frozen for up to ____ weeks | 2 |
| what organization provides education, assistance, printed materials and one-to-one counseling to breastfeeding mothers | La Leche League International |
| T/F most drugs do not cross into breast milk | False - most drugs do cross |
| signs of drug rx to the baby who is breastfeeding | rash, fussiness, lethargy, changes in sleeping habits or feeding patterns |
| infants should not be given more than ___oz/day of formula | 32 |
Created by:
cgwayland
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