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Mr. Belyea
The Changing of the Earth-Lesson 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is weathering | the process that breaks down and changes rocks |
| what can break down rocks | rocks can be slowly broken down by ice, water, air, chemicals and living things |
| what are the two types of weathering | physical weather and chemical weathering |
| what is physical weathering | breaks rocks apart but doesn't change what they are made of. |
| what is chemical weathering | it changes the substance that makes up the rocks. |
| give an example of physical weathering | a rock can break into many peices as water gets into tiny cracks and expands as it freezes into ice, it makes the cracks bigger and can split the rock |
| give an example of chemical weathering | a hard metal rock made of iron can change into a softer material such as iron oxide |
| what types of substances can cause weathering | water combined with weak acids, air pollution and living things |
| how does air pollution weather stone | chemicals in the air pollution cause chemical changes |
| how does moss and lichens weather rock | they grow over rocks and over time the weak acids released by the organisms break down the rock |
| how do caves form | water from rain or the ground combine with carbon dioxide from the air to form a weak acid.it can settle deep into cracks and holes in limestone rock,chemically changes the rock it slowly dissoves making larger cracks and holes eventually forming a cave |
| how does weathering occur when a heavy layer of snow melts over a rock | the rock layers underneath expand when the ice weight is removed.the outer layers expand more than the inner.the layers crack apart in sheets and crystals form pushing apart the rock layer. sheets of loose rock form |
| how do roots weather rocks | tiny roots grow toward water in small cracks in rocks.as the roots grow bigger they exert force and split the rock |
| what is erosion | the process of moving weathered rock and soil by wind, water, and ice |
| what is the main cause of erosion | flowing water |
| how does flowing water cause erosion | water from a heavy rain can carry away loose soil.the muddy water flows to streams and rivers and can erode soil and small rocks from the stream and river banks |
| how can flowing water erode a farm field | as the water moves it carries soil, sand and rocks and can erode a large amount of soil which could change the rich farmland into less usable land |
| how does moving water cause erosion along shorelines | waves crash against beaches then can quickly carry away large amounts of sand and small rocks |
| what other things can carry away sand and soil | wind |
| what does weathering and erosion do | weather breaks down rocks and erosion moves them away |
| what are material moved by erosion called | deposition |
| how can deposition enrich the land | by forming deltas, beaches and dunes. when the flowing water spreads out it moves slower over the area leaving the eroded soil and rock from other places and can make the area good for farming |
| what is a delta | new land formed by build up of deposition |
| how is a delta formed at the gulf of mexico | as the water flow slows down the mississippi river the material eroded spreads out as it enters gulf of mexico and as it piles up new land is formed, usually good for farming |
| how do waves make new land by deposition | waves carry sand to the shores and as it the water slows down in deposits the sand forming new beaches. |
| how does wind deposit sand | wind can pick up sand from the beach and carry it along until a rock or plant slows the wind and builds a small mound which can slow the wind more and form a sand dune |
| how does a dune form in the dessert | the wind picks up the sand from the dessert and carries it along until a rock or plant slows the wind and a mound of sound forms causing the wind to slow down more and form a sand dune |
| what are three things that cause weathering | air, water, and chemicals |
| what are two different things that move eroded material | wind and water |
| sequence erosion,deposition,weathering | weathering,erosion,deposition |
Created by:
mloft
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