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Chapter 11

Astronomy

QuestionAnswer
Which element is the dead end for cores of the most massive stars? Iron
How will an isolated, one solar-mass star die? As a white dwarf
What is a planetary nebula? the expanding shell of gas that is no longer gravitationally bound to the remnant of a low- mass star
In order to predict whether a star will eventually fuse oxygen into a heavier element, you mainly want to know what fact about the star? Its mass
Which of the following sequences correctly describes the stages of life for a low-mass star? protostar, main-sequence, red giant, white dwarf
What happens to the core of a star after it ejects a planetary nebula? It becomes a white dwarf.
Since all stars begin their lives with the same basic composition, what characteristic most determines how they will differ? mass they are formed with
On the main sequence, stars obtain their energy by converting hydrogen to helium.
Which of the following comparisons between low-mass stars and high-mass stars is true? Low-mass stars are cooler and less luminous than high-mass stars.
Which of the following statements about open clusters is true? All stars in the cluster are approximately the same age.
Which of the following statements about globular clusters is true? Most stars in the cluster are yellow or reddish in color.
The age of stars in a cluster can be determined by determining the main sequence turnoff point.
How is the lifetime of a star related to its mass? More massive stars live much shorter lives than less massive stars.
Which of the following statements comparing open and globular star clusters is not true? Open and globular clusters each typically contain a few hundred stars.
All stars are born with the same basic composition, yet stars can look quite different from one another. Which two factors primarily determine the characteristics of a star? Its mass and its stage of life
What percentage of a star's total lifetime is spent on the main sequence? 90%
What happens when a star like the sun exhausts its core hydrogen supply? Its core contracts, but its outer layers expand and the star becomes bigger and brighter.
Why does a star grow larger after it exhausts its core hydrogen? Hydrogen fusion in a shell outside the core generates enough thermal pressure to push the upper layers outward.
Helium fusion results in the production of carbon.
What happens after the helium flash? The core quickly heats up and expands.
What is the CNO cycle? a type of hydrogen fusion that uses carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms as catalysts
What types of stars end their lives with supernovae? stars that are at least several times the mass of the Sun
After a supernova event occurring in a high-mass star, what is left behind? either a neutron star or a black hole
Identify the correct sequence of life events for a high mass star. Main sequence, red supergiant, supernova, neutron star
What will happen in the Sun immediately after it has exhausted its supply of hydrogen in its core? The Sun will turn into a white dwarf and cool off forever.
Why don't low-mass stars have the CNO cycle occurring in their cores? Their core temperatures are too low.
During which of the following phases of life is a star's pressure and gravity out of equilibrium? White dwarf
What happens when a main-sequence star exhausts its core hydrogen fuel supply? The core shrinks while the rest of the star expands.
The main source of energy for a star as it grows in size to become a red giant is ________. hydrogen fusion in a shell surrounding the central core
What is a helium flash? The sudden onset of helium fusion in the core of a low-mass star
Created by: lizhopper2
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