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BSC6&7
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hemopoiesis | The process of making blood cells |
| Red bone marrow | White blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets |
| Long bones | Thigh, leg, arm, forearm, fingers, and toes |
| Short bones | Wrist and ankle bones mostly |
| Flat bones | Cranial bones, sternum, ribs, and scapulas |
| Irregular bones | Vertebrate and some facial bones |
| Diaphysis | shaft of the long bone; made up of mostly compact bone |
| Epiphysis | Broad end of long bone; mostly spongy bone |
| Metaphysis | Growth area between diaphysis and epiphysis |
| Atricular cartilage | Hyaline cartilage at joint |
| Periosteum | fibrous covering over most of the bone |
| Medullar cavity | Marrow with fat and blood cells |
| Endosteum | Membrane lining medullar cavity |
| Matrix | 25% water, 25% collagen fibers, 50% mineral salts |
| Osteoblasts | Secrete collagen fibers and build matrix and become trapped in lacunae |
| Osteocytes | Maintain the bone |
| Osteoclasts | Formed from monocytes, digest bone matrix for normal bone turnover |
| Concentric lamellae | layers of matrix |
| lacunae | lakes between lamellae and contains osteocytes |
| Canaliculi | Contain extensions of osteocytes and permit flow ECF between central canal and lacunae |
| Compact Bone | Covered by periosteum |
| Spongy bone | Not arranged in osteons and spaces between trabeculae may contain red bone marrow |
| Ossification | Formation of bone |
| Timeline | Initial bone development in embryo and fetus/Growth of bone into adulthood/Replacement of old bone/Repair if fractures occur |
| Mesenchyme(early connective tissue) model | This initial "skeleton" model will be replaced by bone tissue beginning at 6 weeks of embryonic life |
| Intramembranous | bones form from a sheets of mesenchyme that resemble membranes(only flat bones of the skull, lower jawbone(mandible), and part of clavicle(collarbone)) |
| Endochondrial | Mesenchyme forms hyaline cartilage which then develops into bone. All the other bones |
| Remodeling in response to use | resorption by osteoclasts and deposition by osteoblasts |
| Repair a fracture | Dead tissue removed and Chrondroblasts to fibroblasts to laying down lamellae of compact bone |
| Partial fracture | incomplete break(crack) |
| Complete fracture | bone broken into two or more pieces |
| Closed(simple) fracture | Not through skin |
| Open(compound)fracture | Broken ends break skin |
| Factors affecting growth | Adequate minerals/Vitamins A,C,&D/Hormones like puberty: hGH + insulin-like growth factors and thryroid h |
Created by:
Dudlee13
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