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SLSBio12 Cell Trans
SLS Bio12 Cell Transport AV
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Transport | Use of a plasma membrane carrier protein and energy to move a substance into or out of a cell from lower to higher concentration. |
| Carrier Protein | Protein molecule that combines with a substance and transport it through the plasma membrane. |
| Cell Membrane | The semipermeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a cell. Also called cytomembrane, plasmalemma, plasma membrane. |
| Channel Protein | Forms a channel to allow a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane. |
| Concentration Gradient | Gradual change in chemical concentration from one point to another |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration' it requires no energy and stops when the distribution is equal |
| Endocytosis | Process by which substances are moved into the cell from the environment by phagocytosis or pinocytosis |
| Exocytosis | Process in which an intracellular vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane so that the vesicle's contents are released outside the cell. |
| Facilitated Transport | Use of a plasma membrane carrier to move a substance into or out of a cell from higher to lower concentration; no energy required |
| Fluid-mosaic Membrane Model | Model for the plasma membrane based on the changing location and pattern of protein molecules in a fluid phospholipid bilayer |
| Glycolipid | Lipid in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain attached to a hydrophobic tail |
| Glycoprotein | Protein in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain |
| Hydrophilic | Water loving |
| Hydrophobic | Water hating |
| Hypertonic | Higher solute concentration than the cell (less water) |
| Hypotonic | Lower solute concentration than the cell (more water) |
| Isotonic | Solution that is equal in solute concentration to that of the cell |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Passive Transport Processes | A kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient, which means movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| Phagocytosis | Process by which amoeboid-type cells engulf large substances, forming an intracellular vacuole |
| Phospholipid | Molecule that forms the bilayer of the cell's membranes; has a polar, hydrophilic head bonded to two non-polar. hydrophobic tails |
| Phospholipid Bilayer | The two layers of phospholipids arranged in such a way that their hydrophobic tails are projecting inwards while their polar head groups are projecting on the outside surfaces |
| Pinocytosis | Process by which vesicle formation brings macromolecules into the cell |
| Pressure Gradient | Gradual change in pressure from one point to another |
| Selectively Permeable | A feature and a function of the plasma membrane that is essential to maintain homeostasis by regulating the passage of some substances while preventing others from entering the cell |
| Tonicity | Normal firmness or functional readiness in body tissues or organs |
Created by:
avandenberg2
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