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Mr. Belyea
The Changing Earth-Lesson2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When did geographers make first maps that accurately showed continents | 1500's |
| what did the geographers notice about the continents | they fit together like pieces of a puzzle |
| when did the scientist map the continets edges | 1900's |
| where do the edges lie | beneath the continents oceans |
| what did the edges show the scientists | that the continents fit together even better |
| what hypothesis do scientist have about the continents | that they were together and moved apart |
| what evidence shows that the continents where once attached | fossils of the Mesosaurus were only found in two places clost to each other on the map. An ocean seperates the two places today. |
| what does the evidence about Ancient Mountains show | mountain ranges on five continents fit together on the jigsaw map and the rock formations match. |
| what does the evidence about coal deposits show | coal deposits in North America match identical deposits in Europe when continents connected on jigsaw map. |
| what does the evidence about fossil discoveries show | fossils in different continents far apart matched when the continets were put together, like the Antartica Warm-weather Fern and Mesosaurus. |
| what does the evidence from deposits left by glaciers show | glacier deposits near the warm equator on different continents fit together on jigsaw map |
| what features and deposits match up on the jigsaw map | ancient mountains, coal deposits, fossils, glacier deposits |
| what does it mean if features don't match on jigsaw map and why | It shows scientist when the continents began to separate because Older features match and newer features don't match. |
| what is a theory | a hypothesis that has been supported by evidence from experiments or observations |
| what didn't the hypothesis about the moving continents show | how they moved |
| what is plate tectonics | the theory that explains how the continents moved. |
| what is the earth broken into | twenty sections called plates |
| what are plates | large section of the earth surface made of the crust and the rigid top part of the mantle |
| what two parts parts of the crust do most plates have | most have both ocean and continental crust |
| what do the plates cover | the entire earth |
| do the plates fit together and why do plates keep changing | they fit together but keep changing because they are slowly moving |
| at what speed do plates move | the speed your fingernails grow |
| how do the plates move | heat below mantle makes solid part flow very slow like thick liquid, the hot mantle rises towards the crust, hot part cools as nears crust and is pushed aside by more hot rising mantle and it drags along plate floating on top. |
| what is the cycle of the mantle | hot thick mantle rises towards crust, it cools and is pushed aside, cooled mantle sinks back down, later may warm and rise again |
| what other evidence do scientist use to support the theory of plate tectonics | they observe locations of active volcanoes, severe earthquakes, and mountains and look for patterns |
| what do they use the study of eathquakes to show about plate tectonics | they study the directions the plates move during an earthquake |
| what hypothesis do scientis make when looking for patterns on a map of earthquakes, volcanoes and mountains | the make hypothesis about where plates meet |
| what are plate boundaries | edges of plates, the places where they meet |
| what forms at plate boundaries in ocean crust between two plates and what does it move | new crust is forming pushing the old crust aside and moving plates apart |
| what happens when one crust plate is pushed into another and what does it form | the plates will collide at the plate boundaries and form mountains |
| what is a famous mountain range that supports this theory | the Himalayas where formed when the India plate and the plate with Europe and Asia collided the rock layers rose up and formed mountains |
| do the Himalayan mountains continue to move higher and why | yes because as new crust formation pushes the plates into each other the rock formations continue to rise up |
| how do volcano mountains form | new ocean crust pushes the plate sideways gravity pulls the heavier ocean crust plate under the continental plate, pulling the ocean crust down into the mantle, friction and the earths heat cause part of plate to melt, becoming molten rock in the volcano |
| what happens when a volcano erupts | the molten rock rises to the surface |
| what causes the ocean crust to melt | friction from the ocean crust moving under the continental crust and heat from the earth |
| which crust is heavier ocean or continental | ocean |
| why does the ocean crust go under the continental crust | because gravity will pull down the heavier ocean crust |
| how does plate tectonics show earthquake in California | The sudden movement of the Pacific plate moving northwest and the North American plate moving southeast. |
| what connects rocks on both sides of a plate boundary | a fault |
| what causes an earthquake | as plates move the rocks connected at the fault strain against each other until the movement is too strong for the rocks to hold and the land moves suddendly |
| what new evidence to scientis have about plate tectonics | gravity pulls the cooler, heavier ocean crust down into the mantle so strongly it pulls apart the plates at the mid ocean ridge |
| what is the new hypothesis called | the gravity pull hypothesis |
| what evidence leads scientis to hypothesize that the continents have moved | The scientis study maps from early explorers and noticed the continents fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle |
| what are the earth plates | 20 sections covering the earth. they are made of the earth's crust and the rigid top part of the mantle |
| what are some events caused by plate movements | formation of mountains, earthquakes and volcanos |
| sequence scientists map location of volcanos and earthquakes,scientist think the continents have moved,scientist develop the theory of plate tectonics | scientist think the continents have moved, scientist map locations of volcanos and earthquakes,scientist develop theory of plate tectonics |
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mloft
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