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Chapter 1 Biotech

Chapter 1 ; 19 Terms

TermDefinition
Genetic Engineering The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
Bioinformatics The science of collecting and analyzing complex biological data such as genetic codes.
Synthetic Biology Synthetic Biology is the design and construction of biological devices and systems for useful purposes.
Developing Countries A poor agricultural country that is seeking to become more advanced economically and socially.
Green Revolution A large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties.
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Transgenic Of, relating to, or denoting an organism that contains genetic material into which DNA from an unrelated organism has been artificially introduced.
Biotech Short for Biotechnology.
Genetically Modified (Of an organism or crop) containing genetic material that has been artificially altered so as to produce a desired characteristic.
Genetically Engineered Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology
Cloning Propagate (an organism or cell) as a clone.
Biomanufacturing Biomanufacturing is the process of using living organisms to produce vaccines and other drugs.
Pharming The process of genetically modifying plants and animals so that they produce substances that may be used as pharmaceuticals.
Personalized Medicine Personalized medicine or PM is a medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare.
Personalized Genomics Personalized genomics is the branch of genomics concerned with the sequencing and analysis of the genome of an individual.
Gene Therapy The transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders
Stem Cells An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
Bioremediation The use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site.
Biotechnology The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, esp. the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.
Created by: ChrisCooley
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