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8E Periodic Table
Key words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | Small particle from which al substances are made |
| Compound | Two or more different atoms joined together by chemical bonds |
| Element | A type of atom |
| Matter | Something that takes up space |
| Oxidiser | A substance that supplies oxygen for a reaction |
| Chemical reaction | A change in which new substances are formed |
| Physical reaction | A change in which no new substances are formed |
| Chemical formula | The element symbols and their numerical ratios of a substance |
| Alkali metal | Group 1 reactive metals |
| Group | Vertical column of the Periodic Table |
| Periodic Table | List of known elements in order of atomic number |
| Atomic number | Number of positive protons in the nucleus |
| Mass number | Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
| Proton | Positive particle in the nucleus |
| Neutron | Neutral particle in the nucleus |
| Electron | Negative particle in the nucleus (no relative mass) |
| Period | Row in the Periodic Table |
| Halogen | Group 7 of the Periodic Table |
| Noble gas | Group 0 unreactive non-metal gases with full electron shells |
| Boiling | Turning from a liquid to a gas throughout the liquid |
| Evaporation | Turning from a liquid to a gas at the surface of the liquid |
| Brittle | Not flexible, breaks under force |
| Melting | Turning from a solid to a liquid |
| Freezing | Turning from a liquid to a solid |
| Flexible | Can bend without breaking |
| Malleable | Can be beaten into shapes |
| Metal | Element that is shiny, conducts heat and electricity, malleable, flexible and high mp |
| Non-metal | Element that is not shiny, does not conduct heat and electricity |
| Transition metal | The central group of elements in the Periodic Table |
| Acid | A substance that releases hydrogen ions in solution (H+) |
| Alkali | A substance that releases hydroxide ions in solution (OH-) |
| Oxide | A compound of a metal or non-metal and oxygen |
| pH | The concentration of hydrogen ions in solution on a scale in multiples of 10 from 1 to 14 |
| Indicator | A substance that changes colour under different pH |
| Reactivity | How quickly or vigorously something reacts |