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neuro pharm

First Aid neuro pharm

descriptiondrug
agonist at opiod receptors to modulate synaptic transmission opiod analgesics
block Na+ channel; inhibit glutamate release phenytoin
increase DURATION of Cl- channel opening --> increase GABA(A) action barbituates
increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel openeing --> increase GABA(A) action BZD
used for pain, cough suppression, diarrhea, acute pulmonary edema opiods
induction of anesthesia barbituates (thiopental)
for detox, especially EtOH withdrawl (DT), night terrors, sleepwalking BZD
neuro drugs that incrase P450 barbituates, phenytoin, carbamazepine
SE: respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNS depression opioids
additive CNS depression effects with EtOH barbituates, BZD
SE: nystagmus, diplopia, SLE-syndrome, increases P450 phenytoin
BZD OD treatment flumazenil --> competitive antag at GABA receptor
opiod OD treatment naloxone/naltrexone --> opioid receptor antag
anti-seizure drugs also used for bipolar treatment carbamazepine, lamotrigine, valproic acid
1st line for tonic-clonic seizures phenytoin, carbamazpine, valproic acid
1st line for absence seizures ethosuximide
1st line for status epilepticus seizures BZD (diazepam, lorazepam)
1st line for status epilepticus prophylaxis phenytoin
1st line for trigeminal neuralgia carbamazepine
also used for peripheral neuropathy gabapentin
1st line for epilepsy in pregnancy and children phenobarbital
also used for myoclonic seizures valproic acid
also used for eclampsia seizures BZD
1st line to prevent eclampsia seizures MgSO4
increase Na+ channel inactivation phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid
blocks voltage gated Na+ channels lamotrigine
increase GABA release gabapentin
increase GABA(A) action phenobarbital, BZD
increase [GABA] valproic acid
blocks thalamic T-type Ca++ channels ethosuxamide
drugs a/w Steven Johnson syndrome ethosuxamide, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital
causes NTD; contraindicated in pregnancy valproic acid
inhaled anesthetic with hepatotoxicity halothane
most common drugs for endoscopy midazolam (BZD)
stimulates heart, increases cerebral blood flow, for kids < 13 y/o ketamine
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug succinylcholine
non-depolarzing neuromuscular blocking drug --> competes with ACh tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, pancuronum, vecuronium, rocuronium
prevents Ca++ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum dantrolene
used to treat malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome dantrolene
Parkinson drugs bromocriptine, amantidine, L-dopa/carbidopa, selegiline, benztropine
DA agonist for Parkinson's bromocriptine
Parkinson's drug that increases DA release amantidine
Parkinson's drug that decreses ACh activity benztropine
CANNOT cross BBB dopamine
able to cross BBB L-dopa
given with L-dopa to increase bioavailability of L-dopa in brean and decrease peripheral effects carbidopa
inhibit MAO-B ---> prevents DA breakdown in brain selegiline
5HT(1D) agonist --> causes vasoconstriction sumatriptan
used for acute migraines, cluster headaches sumatriptan
Created by: anpham26
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