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8th Science chp 7
Term | Definition |
---|---|
body wave | a seismic wave that travels through the Earth's interior |
earthquake | shaking and vibration of Earth's surface |
epicenter | the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake |
fault | the fracture in the Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved |
focus | the point within the Earth where the earthquake originates |
P wave | the fastest of the seismic waves that make the material move back and forth parallel to the direction that the wave is moving |
S wave | the slowest of the seismic waves that makes material move up and down perpendicular to the direction the wave is moving |
seismic wave | vibration produced by an earthquake |
seismogram | a graphical record of ground vibrations |
seismograph | an instrument that measures and records ground vibrations |
aftershock | smaller earthquake that follows a more powerful earthquake in the same area |
liquefaction | process in which shaking of the ground causes soil to act like a liquid |
normal faults | the block of rock above the fault plane slides down relative to the other block |
reverse faults | the block of rock above the fault plane moves up relative to the other block |
stress | the force exerted when an on object presses on, pulls on, or pushes against another object |
strike-slip faults | blocks of rock moves sideways on either side of the fault plane |
tsunami | water wave triggered by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, or landslide |