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definition

is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface.
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definition

is the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
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7th science 8

weathering and soil erosion

definitionterm
is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface. weathering
is the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity. erosion
work together continuously to wear down and carry away the rocks at Earth’s surface. weathering and erosion
This principle states that the same processes that operate today operated in the past. uniformitarianism
The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces is called. mechanical weathering
include freezing and thawing, release of pressure, plant growth, actions of animals, and abrasion. the causes of mechanical weathering
refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity. abrasion
When water seeps into cracks in rocks and then freezes when the temperature drops. Water expands when it freezes. Ice therefore acts like a wedge that forces things apart. Wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks. ice wedging
is the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes. Chemical weathering
include the action of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, and acid rain. the causes of chemical weathering
is the most important cause of chemical weathering. water
Iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water in a process. oxidation
also causes chemical weathering. carbon dioxide
The most important factors that determine the rate at which weathering occurs type of rock and climate
means that a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it. Permeable
refers to the average weather conditions in an area. climate
the loose, weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow. soil
the solid layer of rock beneath the soil. bedrock
a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, water, and air. soil
a dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay. Humus
The __________ of soil is a measure of how well the soil supports plant growth. fertility
Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt. loam
forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface. Soil is constantly being formed wherever bedrock is exposed. soil
A ______ __________ is a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it. soil horizon
The A horizon is made up of ________, a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals. topsoil
The B horizon, often called ________, usually consists of clay and other particles washed down from the A horizon, but little humus. subsoil
Scientists classify the different types of _______ into major groups based on climate, plants, and soil composition. soil
As plants shed leaves, they form a loose layer. litter
are the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals. Decomposers
the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil—kept the soil in place and held onto moisture. sod
anything in the environment that humans use. natural resource
one of Earth’s most valuable natural resources because everything that lives on land, including humans, depends directly or indirectly on it. soil
The value of soil is reduced when soil loses its fertility and when topsoil is lost due to _______. erosion
can be damaged when it loses its fertility. soil
Whenever soil is exposed, _____ ___ ____ can quickly erode it. water and wind
The area of the Great Plains where wind erosion caused soil loss during the 1930s. Dust bowl
the management of soil to prevent its destruction. soil conservation
can be conserved through contour plowing, conservation plowing, and crop rotation. soil
farmers plow their fields along the curves of a slope. contour plowing
farmers disturb the soil and its plant cover as little as possible. conservation plowing
a farmer plants different crops in a field each year. crop rotation
Created by: Jenstack
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