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Science Ch 3
Chapter 3 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sexual reproduction | reproduction from the union of two parents that each pass on traits to the offspring |
| specialized reproductive cell | gamete |
| male gamete | sperm |
| process in which a male gamete joins a female gamete to produce a new cell that develops into an organism | fertilization |
| stage in the cells cycle during which the nucleus divides | mitosis |
| reproduction in which one parent produces offspring that is identical to the parent | asexual reproduction |
| female gamete | egg |
| phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows and makes a copy of its chromosomes | interphase |
| stage of the cell cycle in which the nucleus divides | mitosis |
| stage of the cell cycle in which a new cell wall or membrane divides the cell | cytokinesis |
| characteristics of living things | genetic traits |
| structures in nucleus that store DNA | chromosomes |
| different forms of a gene for a trait | allele |
| result of two alleles both being expressed | codominant |
| gentic material of all living things | DNA |
| an organism that has 2 different genes for the same trait | hybrid |
| result when the dominant allele is only partly expressed | incomplete dominance |
| cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half | meiosis |
| The "father" genetic study | Gregor Mendel |
| an trait that is always expressed | dominant trait |
| a trait that is only expressed when paired with another allele of the same type | recessive trait |
| a tool used by scientists to predict the the outcome of a genetic cross | Punnett Square |
| any change in a genome or chromosome | mutation |
| process of making identical copies of DNA | replication |
| cell structures where protiens are made | ribosomes |