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Glacial Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| horn | a cirque type feature that is eroded on 3-4 sides to form a peak |
| cirque | a glacial valley surrounded on 3 sides by steep cliffs |
| fjord | a long narrow inlet created by glacial erosion |
| tarn | a mountain lake or pool formed in a cirque |
| pater noster lakes | a series of glacial lakes connected by a single stream or braided stream |
| iceberg scour | deep scratches (macro scale) made by icebergs in the ocean |
| thrust | fault through which basal material is transported up in the ablation zone |
| loess | fine grained silt that makes for excellent farming |
| Dump moraine | form where debris is delivered to an ice margin and accumulates along the side or infront of the glacier to form a ridge |
| esker | formed by buildup of sediment under a glacier along a flowpath |
| end moraine | furthest advace of a glacier |
| kame | have 2 ice contact margins |
| kame terrace | have only 1 ice contact margin |
| ice shelf | ice connected to a contnental glacier that is still suspeneded (not floating ice) |
| subglacial lakes | lake beneath a glacier |
| proglacial lakes | lake in front of a glacier |
| kettle lake | lake left behind by a retreating glacier |
| supraglacial lakes | lake on top of a glacier |
| flutes | low, narrow, regularly spaced ridges which are less than 100 m long and are aligned paralell to the directions of ice flow |
| lateral moraine | moraine that builds up along a valley side of a glacier |
| recessional moraine | moraine where a glacier stops retreating |
| erratic | out of place boulder on bedrock |
| grounding line | part where the glaciers exporting the ice down the continent loose contact to the ground and become a floating ice shelf |
| regelation | pressure melting and refreezing |
| glacial plucking/quarrying | process by which a glacier removes larger chunks and fragments from its bed |
| push moraine | product of ice/sediment and/or rock to produce a ridge or ridges transverse or oblique to the direction of ice flow infront of, at or beneath a glacier |
| glacio-isostasy | rebound cause by glacial retreat |
| medial moraine | ridge that runs down the center of a valley floor where 2 glaciers meet |
| dropstone | rock dropped out the ice/iceberg along it’s path (out of place) |
| striations | small grooves or scratches on bedrock surfaces |
| drumlin | smooth, oval shaped or elliptical hills composed of glacial sediment |
| arête | steep mountain formed between 2 glacial valleys |
| ablation till | till carried supraglacially and dropped in place |
| lodgement till | till occuring at the base of a moving glacier |
| hanging valley | valley that empties into a much deeper valley |
| Ablation moraine | When material on the surface of a glacier is transported supraglacially and insulates front of moraine from melting |
Created by:
bizz1441
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