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Chapter 3

Biology

TermDefinition
organic compound hydrogen and other elements are covalently bonded to carbon
functional group group of atoms bonded together that behave chemically as if they are one unit
condensation reaction enzymatic reaction which two moelcules are bonded together
hydrolysis the breaking down of polymers
carbohydrates organic compound that consists of C H O in a 1:2:1 ratio
monosaccharides simpilest of carbohydrates can contain 3-6 carbons
glycosidic bond covalent bond between monosaccharides
oligosaccharides few sugars, contain 3-10 monosaccharides
polysaccharides made of only glucose complex, starches.. can be strait or branched
lipids C H O fewer O then C greasy fatty to the touch not soluable in water
Fatty Acids straight hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end and mytheyl group at the other
Triglyceride most abundant lipid fats and oils, contains glycerol and three fatty acid tails
Fats saturated triglyceride, glycerol with 1,2,3 fatty acid tails
phospholipid primary structural unit of the cell membrane 2 fatty acids
sterol 4 interlocking carbon rings; example cholesterol component of cellular membrane
protiens C H O N most diverse of all organic compounds
Amino Acids held together by peptide bonds; monomer of protiens
Polypeptides three or more amino acids bonded together
emzymes metabolic regulators unaffected by the reaction
polymer molecule that consists of many monomers
RNA role in protein synethisis carries out instructions
denaturation permenattly altering the overall three dimensional shape of a protien
Created by: holiver13
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