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BIOLA TEST #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Transport Proteins | span the width of the plasma membrane and provide pathways by which material can enter or leave cell |
| Selectively Permeable Membrane | which allows only certain substances to enter or leave the cell |
| Diffusion | is the passive transport of a substance from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration until it has reached equilibrium |
| Simple Diffusion | Water, Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide can pass through the cell membrane without assistance through this diffusion |
| Hypotonic Solution | has a lower solute concentration than the cytosol of a cell, which causes water to flow into the cell and make it swell |
| Hypertonic Solution | has a higher solute concentration than the cytosol of a cell, which causes water to flow out of the cell and make it shrink |
| Isotonic Solution | has an equal concentration of solute inside and outside the cell |
| Channel Proteins | move substances down a concentration gradient based on a molecules size and charge and without an energy input |
| Carrier Proteins | transport specific molecules across the plasma membrane based on the shape of the molecule, and are two types: Passive and Active |
| Passive Carrier Proteins | assist in the diffusion of molecules and ions from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Active Carrier Proteins | use atp to pump molecules across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient |
| Endocytosis | brings substances into the cell by wrapping them in a section of the plasma membrane that eventually breaks free inside the cell |
| Pinocytosis | is a non-specific type of endocytosis that brings in all the material in an immediate area |
| Receptor- mediated endocytosis | uses specialized receptor proteins to determine which substances are incorporated into the vesicle created by the plasma membrane |
| Phagocytosis | white blood cells among others use this. To ingest large particles such as bacteria of viruses |
| Anchoring junctions | form of patches of proteins that extend through the plasma membrane and link cells that typically undergo heavy structural stress |
| Tight junctions | are formed by belts of proteins that create leak-proof sheets of cells, which can be found in the skin and lining of the body cavities |
| Gap junctions | are direct cytoplasmic connections between two cells formed by protein- lined tunnels that span the intercellular space between adjacent cells |
| Plasmodesmatas | plant cells use this to communicate much like gap junctions. |
| Signaling Molecules | communication between cells is based on the release and perception |
| A _______ receives a signal through ________________ located on the plasma membrane | target cell, receptor proteins |
| fd |
Created by:
murphy1717
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