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Evolution
evolution and history of life on earth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| miller/urey | inorganic compounds could have changed to DNA bases |
| darwin | published origin of species, theory of evolution from galapagos island |
| lamack | wrong theory of evolution |
| wallace | almost published darwin's theory |
| hutton/lyell | earth is billions years old |
| malthus | human population can reach a limit |
| natural selection | individuals with better adaptations go on to reproduce |
| evolution | change over time (due to natural selection) |
| fitness | how well an organism can survive/reproduce |
| fossil record | shows species changed over time |
| Geographic distribution | animals in similar environments look similar |
| homologous structures | different mature forms, develop from same embryonic tissue |
| vestigial organs | structures reduced in size/fnct |
| embyology | early stages are similar |
| peppered moths? | ex of industrial melanism |
| Darwin's finches | bigger beaks survived during dry season |
| horse | got bigger stronger over time |
| directional selection | one extreme of phenotypes is better, graph shifts |
| stabilizing selection | neither extreme is better, graph narrows |
| disruptive selection | both extremes are better, graph splits in 2 |
| extinction | allows for only best adapted organisms to survive |
| diseases | kills off the unfit |
| speciation | can not produce fertile offspring |
| geographic isolation | separation by geographic structure |
| behavioral isolation | differences in mating strategies |
| temporal isolation | different mating times |
| gradualism | species evolve slow and steadily |
| punctuated equilibrium | evolve steadily with small times of quick change |
| convergent evolution | species evolve with respect with one another |