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Chap. 10 Key Terms

Meiosis Vocab

TermDefinition
Heredity the passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring.
Trait characteristics that are inherited.
Genetics the branch of biology that study's heredity.
Gamete male and female sex cells.
Fertilization the male gametes unites with the female gametes.
Zygote the resulting fertilized cell.
Pollination the transfer of pollen grains from a male reproductive organ to a female reproductive organ in a plant
Hybrid is the offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait.
Allele different gene forms.
Dominant the observed trait
Recessive the disappeared trait.
Law of Segregation Since each plant has two diff alleles, it can produce two diff gametes.
Phenotype the way an organism looks or behaves.
Genotype the allele combo an organism contains.
Homozygous an organism can be this if its two alleles for the are the same.
Heterozygous an organism is this for a trait if its two alleles for the trait differ from each other.
Law of Independent Assortment Mendel's law that states genes for different traits are inherited independently of each order.
Diploid a cell with two of each kind of chromosome.
Haploid a cell containing one of each kind of chromosome.
Homologous Chromosome the chromosomes of each pair in a diploid cell.
Meiosis a kind of cell division, which produces gametes containing half the number of chromosomes as a parent's body cell.
Sperm male gametes.
Egg female gametes.
Sexual Reproduction this pattern of reproduction, involving the production and subsequent fusion of haploid sex cells.
Crossing Over Non-sister chromatids pair so tightly from homologous chromosomes can actually break and exchange genetic material.
Genetic Recombination the re assortment of chromosomes and the genetic information they carry, either by crossing over or by independent segregation of homologous chromosomes.
Nondisjunction the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis.
Created by: Evann Pollard
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