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Cell Structure

TermDefinition
Plasma membrane Serves as the boundary of the cell, maintains its integrity; protein molecules embeddd in plasma membrane perform various functions.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ribosomes attached to RER synthesize proteins that leave cells via the Golgi apparatus; smooth ER synthesizes lipids incorporated in cell membranes, steroid hormones, and certain carbohydrates.
Golgi apparatus Synthesizes carbohydrate, combines it with protein, and packages the product
Vesicles Temporarily contain molecules for transport or later use
Lysosomes Digestive enzymes break down defective cell parts and ingested particles; a cell's "digestive system"
Mitochondria Catabolism; site of ATP production; a cell's "power plants" both found in plant and animal cells
Nucleus Houses the genetic code (DNA), which in turn dictates protein synthesis, thereby playing an essential role in other cell activities, namely, cell transport, metabolism, and growth
Ribosomes Site of protein synthesis; a cell's "protein factories"
Cytoskeleton Supporting framework of the cell and its organelles; functions in cell movement
Nucleolus Site of formation of ribosome subunits
Cell Wall The rigid, porous outer layer of a plant cell
Centriole A bundle of microtubules that helps to organize the movement of chromosomes during cell division
Chloroplast An organelle the converts the radiant energy of the sun into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis
Cytoplasm A jelly-like substance composed mainly of water, occupying most of the space between the cell and the nuculeus
Nuclear Envelope A double-layered membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus
Organelle A cell structure that performs a specific function
Vacuole A sac that stores water, nutrients, and other chemicals. The larges vacuole found in the plant cell helps the cell maintain its structure and shape
Created by: zha51291
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