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Chapter 2
stuff
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| environment | The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. |
| plant breeding | The act of a person to breed plants together to create a new generation |
| enzyme | a chemical substance in animals and plants that helps to cause natural processes such as digestion |
| rennin | an enzyme secreted by and stored in the kidneys that promotes the production of the protein angiotensin. |
| fermentation | the chemical breakdown of a substance by microorganisms to produce a new product such as alcohol |
| yeast | a microscopic fungus that are capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. |
| heredity | The inheritance of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. |
| law of segregation | states that each parent provides one of the two forms of a gene for each particular trait |
| law of independent assortment | states that genes for certain characteristics are passed from parents to the next generation and are separate from the other factors or genes that transmit other traits |
| Cells | the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; cells make up all living things |
| vaccines | a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases |
| antibiotic | a medicine such as penicillin that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms. |
| artificial insemination | the injection of semen into the vagina or uterus other than by sexual intercourse |
| embryo transfer | Embryo transfer refers to a step in the process of assisted reproduction in which embryos are placed into the uterus of a female with the intent to establish a pregnancy |
| genetic code | the nucleotide triplets of DNA and RNA molecules that carry genetic information in living cells. |
| vertical gene transfer | Reproduction is the biological process by which new "offspring" individual organisms are produced from their "parents". |
| genetic engineering | the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material |
| double helix | a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, esp. that in the structure of the DNA molecule |
| horizontal gene transfer | the transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction |
| gene splicing | the technology of preparing recombinant DNA in vitro by cutting up DNA molecules and splicing together fragments from more than one organism |
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panda2742
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