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excretory system

Biology Test 2

QuestionAnswer
What does homeostasis mean? How does it relate the the Kidney? Homeostasis: keeping a generally constant internal environment Kidney=homeostasis machine
How do the kidneys move solutes? Osmosis, and concentration gradients
WHat is the goal of osmoregulation in animals? Balance water movement with water needs of the body
One simple and one complex example of osmoregulation Insects: malphigian tubules (simple) Vertibrate: Kidney (complex)
What is the kidney and what are its functions? A tube system designed to: -filter -reabsorb
What is the fxnl unit of the kidney? Nephron: tube unit with associated capillaries
Three basic steps of osmoregulation 1)Blood plasma filtered into nephron tubes (glomerulus) 2)Form solute gradient surrounding nephron (descending henle's loop) 3)Use gradient to regulate how much water remains eliminated
What is the glomerulus? 1)filter at glomerulus; filtered by size 2)more developed glomerulus in freshwater animals vs saltwater
What is the Loop of Henle? tube system that dips down into kidney produces solute gradient Na moves out on one side and water on the other
What is the collection duct? regulated reabsorption of water, controlled by hormones
What is the signal pathway that controls the collecting duct? Hypothalamus-> Pituitary-> ADH-> induces Aquaporin on collection duct wall-> water flows from tube lumen to body
Created by: hannahprt
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