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hiostory of biotech
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| plant breeding | the selectioni and collection of seeds from desirable plants to encourage their traits in future plant production |
| fermentation | the process of food by means of yeast, molds,or bacteria. |
| yeast | a yellowish substance composed of microscopic,unicellular fungi of the family saccha romycetaccae that induces fermentation in juice, worts,doughs,and so forth |
| heredity | the traits that are passed to an offspring from the parents. |
| law of segregation | the factor responsible for the traits from each parent are separated and then combined with factors from the other parent at fertilization. |
| law of independent assortment | that factors genes for certain charecteristic are passed from parent to the next generation and are separate fromt he other factors of gene that transmit other traits, this seperation allows the tremendous amount of diversity among organism. |
| cells | "The ultimate functional unit of an organic structure, plant, or animal. It consists of a micro- scopic mass of protoplasm that includes a nucleus surrounded by a membrane. In most plants, it is surrounded by a cell wall |
| vaccines | "A substance that contains live, modi- fied, or dead organisms or their products that is injected into an animal in an attempt to protect the host from a disease caused by that particular organism. |
| artificial insemination | The deposition of spermatozoa in the female genitalia by artificial rather than natural means. |
| embryo transfer | The process of removing an embryo from a superior female and implanting it into an inferior female |
| genetic code | The order in which four chemi- cal constituents are arranged in huge molecules of DNA; these molecules transmit genetic informa- tion to the cells by synthesizing ribonucleic acid in a corresponding order. |
| enviroment | The conditions and circum- stances surrounding an organism. |
| enzymes | A large, complex protein molecule produced by the body that stimulates or speeds up various chemical reactions without being used up itself; an organic catalyst |
| rennin | A coagulant enzyme occurring particu- larly in the gastric juice of calves and also in some plants and lower animals |
| antibiotic | Germ-killing substances produced by a bacterium or mold. |
| vertical gene transfer | The transfer of genetic information from parents to offspring |
| double helix | Description of the two spiral- shaped strands of phosphoric acid and deoxyribose found within the nucleus of cells |
| horizontal gene transfer | A process in which microbes are natural “genetic engineers” transfer- ring genetic material between cells. |
| gene splicing | The process of removing and/or inserting genetic material in order to change an organism’s trait(s). Gene therapy \ (1) A me |
| dna | A genetic pro- teinlike nucleic acid on plant and animal genes and chromosomes that controls inheritance. |
| genetic engineering | is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. |
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brittany5212
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