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Chapter 6 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sediment | small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity |
| lithification | the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary |
| cementation | occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock |
| bedding | primary feature of sedimentary rocks is horizontal layering |
| graded bedding | heavier particle sizes become heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers |
| cross-bedding | formed as layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface |
| clastic sedimentary rocks | formed from an abundance of loose sediments |
| clastic | classified by size of particles |
| porosity | percentage of open spaces between grains in the rock |
| evaporites | layers of chemical sedimentary rocks form |
| foliated | high pressure during metamorphism |
| nonfoliated | composed mainly of minerals that form with blocky crystal shapes |
| regional metamorphism | high temp and pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust |
| contact metamorphism | molten material, such as that in an igneous intrusion, comes in contact with solid rock |
| hydrothermal metamorphism | very hot water reacts with rock and alters its chemical and mineral compositions |
| rock cycle | continuous changing and remaking of rocks |