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APEX Biology Final
Stack #135605
| APEX Biology FINAL Study Guide | Final June 3rd |
|---|---|
| Genetic Linkage | tendency for alleles of genes on the same chromosome to be inherited together (Concept 10.4) |
| Dominant | (blank) |
| Gregor Mendel | ? |
| Genetic linkage | tendency for alleles of genes on the same chromosome to be inherited together (Concept 10.4) |
| Dominant vs recessive | 3. dominant: descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to be the only one affecting a trait (Concept 10.2) VS. recessive: descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect a trait (Concept 10.2) |
| Intermediate inheritance | inheritance in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes (Concept 10.3) |
| Polygenic inheritance | combined effect of two or more genes on a single character (Concept 10.3) |
| Codominance | inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles (Concept 10.3) |
| Multiple alleles | ? |
| Diploid Cell | having two homologous sets of chromosomes (Concept 9.5) |
| Haploid Cell | : having a single set of chromosomes (Concept 9.5) |
| Difference b/t homozygous and heterozygous | 9. homozygous: having identical alleles for a gene (Concept 10.2) VS. heterozygous: having different alleles for a gene (Concept 10.2) |
| Difference b/t phenotype and genotype | 10. phenotype: observable traits of an organism (Concept 10.2) VS genotype: genetic makeup of an organism; an organism's combination of alleles (Concept 10.2) |
| Know how to complete punnett squares from word problems using the above terminology (monohybrid and dihybrid) | ? |
| Sex chromosomes | one of two chromosomes of the 23rd pair of human chromosomes, which determine an individual's gender (Concept 9.5) |
| Mutation | any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA (Concept 11.6) |
| Pedigree | family tree that records and traces the occurrence of a trait in a family (Concept 12.3) |
| Sex linked | gene located on a sex chromosome |
| Griffith experiment | ? |
| DNA/RNA base pairing (ATCG and AUCG) | ? |
| Replication/Translation/transcription | ? |
| Codons/anticodons | 19. codon: in RNA, a three-base "word" that codes for one amino acid (Concept 11.4) / anticodon: in tRNA, a triplet of nitrogenous bases that is complementary to a specific codon in mRNA (Concept 11.5) |
| Start codon | ? |
| Nucleotide | : building block (monomer) of nucleic acid polymers (Concept 11.2) |
| Double helix | two strands of nucleotides wound about each other; structure of DNA (Concept 11.2) |
| Nondisjuntion | event during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate (Concept 12.2) |
| Translocation/duplication/inversion/deletion/insertion | 24. translocation: change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome (Concept 12.2) / duplication: change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated (Concept 12.2) inversion: change to a c |
| Colorblindness | ? |
| Charles Darwin – finches | ? |
| Common ancestor and descent with modification | process by which descendants of ancestral organisms spread into various habitats and accumulate adaptations to diverse ways of life (Concept 14.1) |
| Natural vs. artificial selection | process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the environment leave more offspring than do other individuals (Concepts 1.3, 14.1) VS artificial selection: selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspr |
| Vestigial and homologous structures | 29. vestigial structure: remnant of a structure that may have had an important function in a species' ancestors, but has no clear function in the modern species (Concept 14.2) & homologous structure: similar structure found in more than one species that |
| Antibiotics vs. vaccines | 30. antibiotic: medicine that kills or slows the growth of bacteria (Concept 14.5) VS vaccine: dose of a disabled or destroyed pathogen (or part of a pathogen) used to stimulate a long-term immune defense against the pathogen (Concepts 16.5, 31.4) |
| “Fitness” | 31. fitness: contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation compared to the contributions of other individuals (Concept 14.4) |
| Different types of isolation (reproductive..etc) | ? |
| Where do most fossils form? | ? |
| Different era’s of time | ? |
| Classification system | ? |
| Micro vs. macroevolution | 36. microevolution: evolution on the smallest scale—a generation-to-generation change in the frequencies of alleles within a population (Concept 14.4) VS macroevolution: major biological changes evident in the fossil record (Concept 15.1) |
| Pathogens | : a disease-causing organism or virus (Concepts 16.4, 31.1) |
| Binary fission | 38. binary fission: mode of prokaryote asexual reproduction in which each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the parent cell's chromosome (Concept 16.2) |
| Mycelium | interwoven mat of hyphae that functions as the feeding structure of a fungus (Concept 18.1) |
| Fermentation | cellular process of making ATP without oxygen (Concept 7.6) |
| Angiosperms vs Gymnosperms | 41. angiosperm: flowering plant (Concept 19.5) VS gymnosperm: plant that bears seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary (Concept 19.4) |
| Flower Diagram | (blank) |
| Any diagrams are game from the past | (blank) |
| Xylem vs. Phloem | 44. xylem: vascular tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant to the shoots (Concept 20.2) VS phloem: vascular tissue that transports food from a plant's leaves to its roots and other parts (Concept 20.2) |
| Different invertebrate phylum | (blank) |
Created by:
dismaster33
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