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Biology Ch 1 Test

Biology chapter 1 Test Review

QuestionAnswer
What is an atom and what are the parts of an atom? The smallest unit of an element. The nucleus, protons, electrons
Draw a dot structure, with the electron levels, of the element Phosphorus. ?
What property of water makes it the universal solvent? It is polar
What is a solute and what is a solvent? Solute gets dissolved; solvent does the dissolving
What is an acid? hydrogen
What is the base? hydroxide
Draw the pH scale and place thse items on the scale in the proper position according to their pH; Stomach acid, ammonia, bleach, vinegar, tap water, lemons, blood, soap, pure water ?
How many electrons does Carbon have in its outer electron shell? 4
How many bonds can Carbon have? 4
What is a compound? A pure substance that is made of 2 or more elements
Draw a hydrocarbon. ?
Rank the types of chemical bonds compounds use to hold together from strongest to weakest, and describe each bond. Hydrogen (electromagnet attraction between polar molecules), ionic (1 atom loses an electron to form a positive ion & the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion), covalent (involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule)
List the four macromolecules (biomolecules or organic compounds) carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid
For each group of elements listed, name the macromolecule that belongs to each one. A. CH2O B. CHOP C. CHONS D. CHONP A. carbohydrate B. lipids C. Protein D. Nucleic acid
Organize the carbohydrates by number of monomers. Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccarides
Name the monosaccharides. Glucose, frutose, glacatose
Name the disaccharides. Sucrose, maltose, lactose
What is dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis? DS: when a water molecule is released in the synthesis reaction that forms a disaccharide.
Show the production of sucrose with dehydration synthesis ?
Name the polysaccharides that we discussed and give their source and function in the living organism. Be sure to include any pertinent facts. Starch - plants - store energy long term/Glysogen; Animal-starch/ cellulose; plant cell wall- animals cannot digest; Chitin-insects; exoskeleton
List the functions of carbohydrates. in the living organism with examples Store energy, important molecules in structural components of organisms
What are the monomers of a protein and how many of these exist? amino acids; 20; radical makes them diff
Draw the basic structure of an amino acid. H NH2 - C -CCOH R
Show the production of a dipeptide with dehydration synthesis Peptide bond
List the functions of proteins in the living organism with examples. used as enzymes or structural building blocks
Name the unique properties of lipids Non-polar; cannot dissolve in water
How are triglycerides, fats and oils, formed? (don't forget dehydration synthesis) 3 fatty acids, 1 glycerol
Describe or show the difference between a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated fatty acid. S: C-C-C-C-C D: C=C=C=C
Draw a phospholipid molecule. ?
What is the function of phospholipids? Main components of cell membrane
Draw the basic structure of a steroid. ?
Name 2 steroids and give their function. Sex hormones and cholesterol ****need their functions
Describe how plants use wax. Cuticle keeps plants from dehydration
List 3 important functions of lipids in the living organism. Are soluble in organic substances, store energy, structural
Draw the monomer of a nucleic acid.
What are some differences between the nucleic acids DNA and RNA? DNA is a single strand of nucleotides; RNA the sugar is ribose; in RNA the base unit replace the thymine
What are the functions of nucleic acids in the living organism? A cell must pass through this to transmit characteristics to another cell
Created by: bgpalmers
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