Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

lecture 12/13

animal development

QuestionAnswer
the three stages of animal cellular division cleavage, blastula, gastrula
give basics of animal development a flagellated sperm fertilizes a nonmotile egg forming diploid zygote
give the main function of fertilization to bring the haploid nuclei of sperm and egg together to form a diploid zygote
contact of the sperm with the egg's surface initiates metabolic reactions that trigger embryonic development and prevent polyspermy
acrosome part of sperm/filled with enzymes that allow sperm to penetrate egg barriers
sperm centriole combine with egg centriole to form centromere
describe acrosomal reaction membrane depolarized...fast block to polysmermy. acrosome releases hydrolytic enxymes to eat through jelly layer. actin filament binds to sperm-binding receptors
cortical granules enzyme filed and activated during fertilization
vitelline envelope also called zona pellicuda
what are the steps of fertilization acrosomal reaction -> cortical reaction -> fertilization envelope forms -> egg is activated
what happens when the fertilization envelope forms releases enzymes that target sperm receptors...slow block to polyspermy
what happens when the egg is activated an increase in the rates of cellular respiration and protein synthesis
how does the fertilization envelope form? when sperm enters calcium ions released. cortical granules respond to calcium and fuse with membrane. release contents to exterior. digest exterior membrane so sperm can't bind. water flows betweeen pm and ve to lift away matrix and form envelope
what is the zona pellucida surrounds egg in mammals
what does cortical reaction do to zona pellucida induces changes to act as slow block to polyspermy
where are the sperm receptors follicle cells
what does cleavage do? partitions cytoplasm of one large cell into blastomeres
blastomeres many smaller cells formed by cleavage
what are cytoplasmic determinants contribute to cell differentiation..include non-genetic maternal charac. that influence devlelopment of zygote
what are the results of cleavage? hollow mass of cells, first tissue, first cavity
what is the first tissue? blastoderm
what is the first cavity blastocoel
change in size with cleavage? NO
when is the establishment of the axes? cleavage
what are body axes influenced by? polarity of zygote
what determines the polarity of the zygote? distribution of yolk
vegetal pole most yolk/becomes anterior
animal pole least yolk/becomes posterior
gray crescent opposite point of sperm entry/become dorsal side
the two types of cleavage holoblastic and meroblastic
holoblastic cleavage whole...complete division of egg in species with little or moderate amounts of yolk
meroblastic cleavage partial/incomplete division of egg in species with yolk-rich eggs
epiblasts and hypoblasts areas around blastocoel
define gastrulation rearranges cells of a blastula into a three-layered embryo, gastrula, with primitive gut
gastrula three-layered embryo with primitive ggut
mesenchyme cells migrate into blastocoel during gastrulation...becomes mesoderm
blastospore forms from vegetal plate...forms archenteron
vegetal plate areas of cell that start to change shape and form gastrula
describe gastrualation in frog embryo hollow blastula contains different regions. blastospore forms. cells from eterior moveinside through blastospore. three layers results
which adult germ layers are ectoderm derived nervous system; cornea; epidermis;epithelial lining of mouth and rectum
what adult germ layers are mesoderm derived? skeletal, circulator, lymphatic; muscular;excretory;dermis, lining of body caity
what adult germlayers are endoderm derived interior epithelial lining; liver; thymus
Created by: nkjohnston1424
Popular Biology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards