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Science chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| radiation | the transfer of energy through space |
| what are the 3 layers of the Earth? | 1. crust 2. mantle 3. core |
| which core is solid metal? | inner core |
| which core is liquid metal? | outer core |
| what is the thinnest layer of the Earth? | the crust |
| what is the hottest layer? | the core |
| pressure inside the Earth _____ as you go deeper | increases |
| geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth's interior by recording and studying ____ | seismic waves |
| conduction | the transfer of heat between objects that are touching |
| convection | the transfer of heat by movement of particles in fluids |
| the Earth is like a giant magnet because of convection currents in the _____ core | outer |
| the ______ currents also cause the Earth's plates to move | convection |
| convection currents continue as long as heat is added, without the heat the convection currents eventually ____ | stop |
| convection currents flow in the _____ and cause the movement of Earth's plates | mantle |
| Alfred Wagner's idea that continents slowly moved over Earth's surface became known as? | the continental drift |
| Wagner believed the continents were once joined together in a single landmass called? | Pangaea |
| Geologists rejected his idea because he could not identify a force that could move the ______ | continents |
| he used evidence of ____ , _____ and ____ | 1.landforms 2.climate 3.fossils |
| fossil | an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock |
| what is the first step in sea-floor spreading? | magma fills cracks along the mid-ocean ridges that are found in the oceans |
| what is the second step in sea floor spreading? | New rock is formed. |
| What is the third step in sea floor spreading? | The ocean floor moves away from the ridge. |
| What is the fourth step in sea floor spreading? | The floor sinks back into the mantle at the subduction zone. |
| Subduction | Process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle. |
| How did scientists discover that rocks farther away form the mid-ocean ridge were older? | Scientists drilled the sea floor bottom and looked at rock samples. |
| What are three kinds of plate boundaries? | 1.) divergent 2.) convergent 3.) transform |
| Where two plates pull apart (Mid ocean ridges occur here) | divergent |
| Where two plates push together | convergent |
| Where two plates move past each other in opposite directions | transform |
| What explains the formation and movement of the Earth's plates? | The Theory Of Plate Techtonics |
| What forms when two pieces of continental crust pull apart? | A rift valley |
| What forms whenever two pieces of continental crust collide? | Mountain Ranges |
Created by:
laurentaylor71
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