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Antiinfectives/Micro

PharmE2

QuestionAnswer
Drugs to treat H.Pylori 1. Flagyl (metronidazole) 2. Tetracyline 3. clarithromycin 4. amoxicillin AND with a proton pump inhibitor OR H2 receptor antagonist
Drugs to treat C.Difficile Caused by pseudomembranous colitis 1. Vancomycin (for more severe cases that do not respond to metronidazole) 2. Flagyl (metronidazole)-combo tx/DOC 3. tetracycline 4. lincosamide
Drugs that interact with P450 1. phenytoin 2. warfarin 3. digoxin 4. carbamazepine 5. fluoroquinolones
Narrow TI drugs 1. Theophylline 2. Chloramaphenicol 3. vancomycin
Drugs to check for peaks and troughs 1. vancomycin (check peak and trough) 2. aminoglycosides 3. chlorampehnicol 4. aminoglycosides(check trough)
Drugs that can cause chelation 1. Tetracycline 2. fluroquinolones *counsel pt to not take antacids, Ca(milk), iron, Mg & aluminum(laxatives), iron
bactericial bringing death to bacteria
bacteriostatic restrain the development or production of bacteria
Penicillin MOA weaken cell wall which cause cell to lyse->bactericidal, most effective against gram positive
PCN suffix -cillin
PCN G & V effective against? Spectrum? Narrow spectrum streptococcus species, Neisseria, anererobes, spirochetes
PCN G & V AE pain at site of injury, neurotoxicity if levels are too high, hyperkalemia if given too rapidly, intra-arterial injection can cause gangrene
Narrow spectrum PCN (PCNase resistant) Drug? Effective against? 1. Nafcillin 2. Dicloxacillin 3. Oxacillin 4. Methacillin (no longer avail) **Tx: Staph aureus and epidermis
Drugs that cause psuedomembraneious colitis-> C. difficile *7 CCCFMTA 1. clindamycin (m/c) 2. cephelosporins 3. carbepenums 4. floroquinolones 5. macrolides 6. tetrocyclines 7. amoxacillin
Extended Spectrum PCN effective against 1. Carbenicillin 2. Mexlocillin 3. Piperacillin **E.coli & P.aeruginosa
antipseudomonal PCN Broad Spectrum 1. Ticarcillin/clavulanate 2. Pipercillin/ tazobactam
Broad spectrum PCN (aminopenicillins) Effective against 1. ampicillin 2. amoxacillin *E.coli, H.influenza, Salmonella, Shigella, N gonorrhea
Drugs to tx Pseudomonas aeruoginosa *7 drugs ACCCIPT 1. aminoglycoside 2. carbanicllin indanyl 3. cefepime 4. Cefotaxine 5. Iminpenem/Cilastatin 6. Piperacillin 7. Ticarcillin
Drugs that metabolize/inhibit P450 1. fluroquinolones 2. itraconazole 3. Zafirlukast(Accolate) 4. Cromolyn
DOC Bordella pertussis(Whooping cough) Macrolides
macrolides and aminoglycosides suffix mycin *macrolides-all mycin suffix
Macrolides therapeutic uses 1. otitis media 2. mycobacterium avium complex 3. Bordetall pertussis (whooping cough)
Rx taken on empty stomach 1. tetracycline (short acting) 2. Isoniazid 3. Rifampin 3. erthromycin 4. chloromycetin
Tx for brown recluse clindamycin
Chloramphinicol suffix chloro
Chloramphinicol adverse effects 1. fatal aplastic anemia *limited to serious and life threatening inf 2. metabolizes p450 3. Gray syndrome 4. Reversible bone marrow suppression-check CBC
Tx for brain abscesses & meningitis chloromycetin
Never mix which 2 drugs in IV solution 1. PCN 2. amninoglyosides
Drugs to treat E.Coli 1. ampicillin, amoxicillin 2. carbapenems: Imipenems/Cilastatin 3. aminoglyosides 4. fluoroquinolones 5. sulfonamides
Drug that has to be individualized Aminoglycosides
Sulfonamide prefix Sulfa
Sulfonamide adverse effects 1. Stevens-Johnson syndrome 2. kernicterus 3. do not give to pregnant woman
Fluoroquinolones suffix "oxacin"
Fluoroquinolones adverse effects Possible tendon rupture
Drug that stays in system for years Amphotericin B
Azole suffix Azole
Drug that can cause severe depression Interferon alpha *will have to give antidepressant
Which 2 antibiotics have cross sensitivity cepholosprorin & PCN 3-5%
refrigerate which PCN oral suspension? amoxicillin/clavulanic acid(Augmentin)
Do NOT mix which 2 drugs in IV solution 1. aminoglycosides 2. PCN *will inactivate aminoglycosides
Cephalosporin prefix "ceph" "cef"
Which cephelosporin can be given both IM and PO? cefuroxime 2nd gen
Vancomycin PO indication GI C.difficile
Vancomycin IV indications MRSA or MRSA epidermidis tx for staph/strep endocarditis menigitis
Vancomycin AE 1. Red man syndrome **Infuse IV over 60 mins interval 2. thrombophlebitis 3. nephrotoxicity 4. ototoxicity
Vancomycin monitor which serum levels? peak and trough **peak: check 1 hr after infuse 1200-100 IV complete-200 check for trough
TX for MRSA 1. vancomycin 2. linezolid/Zyvox 3. sulfonamides (not commonly used)
Which drug can have an antabuse type rxn? metronidazole/Flagyl *counsel pt to NOT consume EtOH
tetracycline taken with/without food? short acting and long acting *short acting: empty stomach *long acting: doesnt matter
TX for Lyme dz tetracycline
Tetracylcine AE 1. avoid in children <8YOA 2. can suppress long bone growth in premature infants-reversible when discont 3. discontinue if have diarrhea 4. can cause hepto/renal/phototoxicity-sunburn 5. can cause fungi
tetracycline can tx: 1. H.pylori 2. acne 3. peridontal dz 4. Lyme dz
who cannot take tetracycline? children <8yoa, pregnant women, nursing mothers
what is the next doc if pt has PCN/ceph allergies? macorlides i.e. azithryocin
Tx for Mycobacterium avium complex macrolides
want to take chocolate with this med bc it taste metallic clarithromycin
Acne tx 1. clandimycin 2. tetracyline
aminoglycosides PO indications GI *similar to vancomycin
aminoglycosides IV indications systemic infections *similar to vancomycin
Tx for Bacillus Anthrax floroquinolones
CanNOT give floroquinolones to which age group? <18yoa *except ciproflaxin in children >12yoa
Created by: thoang
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