transport molecules from an area of higher concentration on one side of the membrane to an area of lower concentration on the other side.

Concentration gradient

the difference in the concentration of molecules across a space

movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

when the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space.

Facilitated Diffusion

type of passive transport. This process is used for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly through cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane.

When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol.

When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol.

Type of passive transport that involves membrane proteins.

When the concentrations of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal.

The process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

The movement of substances across the membrane.

In a hypertonic environment water leaves the cell through osmosis, the cells shrink away from the cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost.

The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall.

Cells move materials up their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.

The process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and larg particles, including other cells.

Vesicles in the cytoplasm fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents into the cell's external environment.

allow lysosomes to fuse with vesicles that contain the ingested bacteria and viruses.

The movement of large particles

transport of solutes or fluids.

Sodium Potassium pump

protein that transports Na+ ions and K+ ions up their concentration gradients.

when the pouch pinches off from the cell membrane it becomes a membrane bound organelle

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Chapter 5 Vocab

Vocabulary

Question	Answer
Carrier protein	transport molecules from an area of higher concentration on one side of the membrane to an area of lower concentration on the other side.
Concentration gradient	the difference in the concentration of molecules across a space
Contractile vacuole	organelles that remove water.
Cytolysis	the bursting of cells.
Diffusion	movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Equlibrium	when the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space.
Facilitated Diffusion	type of passive transport. This process is used for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly through cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane.
Hypertonic	When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol.
Hypotonic	When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol.
Ion Channel	Type of passive transport that involves membrane proteins.
Isotonic	When the concentrations of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal.
Osmosis	The process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Passive Transport	The movement of substances across the membrane.
Plasmolysis	In a hypertonic environment water leaves the cell through osmosis, the cells shrink away from the cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost.
Turgor Pressure	The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall.
Active Transport	Cells move materials up their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Endocytosis	The process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and larg particles, including other cells.
Exocytosis	Vesicles in the cytoplasm fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents into the cell's external environment.
Phagocyte	allow lysosomes to fuse with vesicles that contain the ingested bacteria and viruses.
Phagocytosis	The movement of large particles
Pinocytosis	transport of solutes or fluids.
Sodium Potassium pump	protein that transports Na+ ions and K+ ions up their concentration gradients.
Vesicle	when the pouch pinches off from the cell membrane it becomes a membrane bound organelle

Created by: biologyexam08

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