are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that bind to catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine.

describes the tightness of binding between a hormone and its receptor. It is quantified in terms of the concentration of hormone at which half of the available receptors are occupied.

the opposing action of ligands that when taken together decrease the effectiveness of at least one of them.

Atrial natriuretic factor

a vasodilator secreted by heart muscle cells to control water, sodium, potassium and fat levels.

maximum response to a ligand that a tissue or organ can achieve, which depends upon the number of target cells and their competence

is the relationship between the magnitude of a hormonal response and the concentration of a hormone that produces the response.

anticipatory or preemptive chemical response that prepares the body for a change or a demand.

a hormone formed in the pancreas that acts in the liver to promote the breakdown of glycogen into glucose.

steroid hormones that bind to glucocorticoid receptors to regulate glucose levels and decrease immune responses.

Half-maximal response

the concentration of hormone required to generate half of the maximum response that a cell can generate.

some consequence of hormone secretion that acts directly or indirectly on the secretory cells to inhibit further secretion of the hormone.

a mechanism of hormone integration in which the presence of one hormone is required in order for another hormone to generate a response.

a mechanism of hormone integration in which one hormone increases a response and another hormone decreases it.

a technique for measuring concentrations of an antigen such as a hormone by using antibodies and radioactive substances

a single hormone acting in different ways in different tissues to produce complementary effects.

describes the ability of a cell or organ to respond to a signal in proportion to the intensity of that signal.

any one of a number of quantities (e.g. body weight, body temperature, hormone levels) which the body tries to keep at a particular value.

Synergism/Potentiation

two or more hormones act through separate but complementary pathways to enhance each other's actions.

a decrease in response to a drug through downregulation of receptors or neurotransmitters that facilitate the drug's effect on the body.

the lowest amount or concentration of hormone that produces a measurable response.

special type of cells in the anterior pituitary that secrete thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH).

the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland that increases metabolic rate and regulates growth and development.

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HRegInt

Hormone Regulation and Integration

Term	Definition
Adrenergic Receptors	are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that bind to catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine.
Affinity	describes the tightness of binding between a hormone and its receptor. It is quantified in terms of the concentration of hormone at which half of the available receptors are occupied.
Antagonism	the opposing action of ligands that when taken together decrease the effectiveness of at least one of them.
Atrial natriuretic factor	a vasodilator secreted by heart muscle cells to control water, sodium, potassium and fat levels.
Capacity	maximum response to a ligand that a tissue or organ can achieve, which depends upon the number of target cells and their competence
Dose response curve	is the relationship between the magnitude of a hormonal response and the concentration of a hormone that produces the response.
Feed Forward	anticipatory or preemptive chemical response that prepares the body for a change or a demand.
Glucagon	a hormone formed in the pancreas that acts in the liver to promote the breakdown of glycogen into glucose.
Glucocorticoids	steroid hormones that bind to glucocorticoid receptors to regulate glucose levels and decrease immune responses.
Half-maximal response	the concentration of hormone required to generate half of the maximum response that a cell can generate.
Negative Feedback	some consequence of hormone secretion that acts directly or indirectly on the secretory cells to inhibit further secretion of the hormone.
Permissiveness	a mechanism of hormone integration in which the presence of one hormone is required in order for another hormone to generate a response.
Push-pull mechanism	a mechanism of hormone integration in which one hormone increases a response and another hormone decreases it.
Radioimmunoassay	a technique for measuring concentrations of an antigen such as a hormone by using antibodies and radioactive substances
Reinforcement	a single hormone acting in different ways in different tissues to produce complementary effects.
Sensitivity	describes the ability of a cell or organ to respond to a signal in proportion to the intensity of that signal.
Set point	any one of a number of quantities (e.g. body weight, body temperature, hormone levels) which the body tries to keep at a particular value.
Synergism/Potentiation	two or more hormones act through separate but complementary pathways to enhance each other's actions.
Tachyphylaxis	a decrease in response to a drug through downregulation of receptors or neurotransmitters that facilitate the drug's effect on the body.
Threshold	the lowest amount or concentration of hormone that produces a measurable response.
Thyrotropes	special type of cells in the anterior pituitary that secrete thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH).
Thyroxin	the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland that increases metabolic rate and regulates growth and development.

Created by: caperca

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