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GI
from the GI paowerpoint on D2L
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Calories per kilogram recommended per day | 20-35 |
| What percentage of total calories should come from carbohydrates? | 45-65% |
| Fats should be limited to what percentage of total calories? | 20-35% |
| Proteins should be limited to what percentage of daily calories? | 10-35% |
| What is the recommended daily intake of protein (g/kg)? | 0.8-1g/kg of body weight |
| How do you calculate the Body Mass Index? | (weight in pounds X 703)/height in inches |
| What is the difference between primary and secondary malnutrition? | Primary is when the diet isn't meeting needs. Secondary is when that has been an alteration in ingestion, digestion, absorption, or metabolisn |
| Name three manifestations of Malabsorption syndrome: | decreased digestive enzymes decreased bowel surface area increased basal metabolic rate |
| What is Marasmus? | Severe malnutritution in children caused by a diet lacking mainly in calories. Can also be caused by disease and parasitic infection |
| What is Kwashiorkor? | Severe malnutritution in children caused by mainly by a protein-poor diet, characterized by growth retardation |
| Name two types of meds that put a person at risk for malnutrition | corticosteroids and antibiotics |
| What are normal albumin levels? | 3.8-4.5g/dL |
| What are normal pre-albumin levels? | 20mg/dL |
| Which is the better indication of nutritional status; albumin or pre-albumin? | pre-albumin |
| What are normal transferrin levels? | 215-380mg/dL 2.15-3.8g/L |
| What is transferrin? | A protein used to transfer iron, it decreases when protein is deficient |
| What labs, usually drawn to assess nutrition, can also be low due to an inflammatory process? | albumin, pre-albumin, and transferrin |
| When does the Joint Commission require a nutritional screening is done on a new admission? | Within the first 24 hours in the hospital |
| What is megestrol/Megace? | An appetite stimulate |
| What is a Dobhoff? | a nasointestinal tube |
| What is an advantage of a Dobhoff as compared to a regular NG tube? | placement in the intestines decreases the risk for aspiration |
| What is a disadvantage of a Dobhoff as compared to a regular NG tube? | the smaller diameter makes it easier to clog |
| When is a gastrostomy useful? | for extended use |
| When is a jejunostomy used? | for patients with reflux or to bypass diseased portions of the GI tract |
| What is considered best practice for checking placement of a feeding tube? | obtain an x-ray before each tube feeding and medication administration |
| What is one way to determine if the feeding tube has maintained the proper position? | mark the exit site of the tubing at the time of the initial x-ray and observe for a change in the external tube length during feedings |
| What is the most common nutritional problem in the US? | obesity |
Created by:
ld23012
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