Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
SLSBio12Biomolecules
SLS Bio12 Biomolecules PG
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acid | Acids have a pH of less than 7. Higher concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Contains high-energy phosphate bonds and is used to transport energy to cells for biochemical processes. |
| Amino Acid | Organic compounds made from amine and carboxylic acid functional groups, along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid (remainer).Monomers of proteins. |
| Base | Have pH higher than 7, Higher concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution. |
| Buffer | A solution used to prevent changes in pH |
| Carbohydrate | An organic compound comprising only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Give energy and can be use as structure. |
| Complementary base pairing | The standard arrangement of bases in nucleotides in relation to their opposite pairing, such as thymine being paired with adenine and cytosine paired with guanine. |
| Dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction that builds up molecules by losing water molecules. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | A double-stranded nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for cell growth, division, and function. |
| Dipeptide | A combination of two amino acids by means of a peptide (-CO-NH-) link. |
| Disaccharide | A sugar (carbohydrate) composed of two monosaccharides, thus yields two monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis. |
| Double helix | A conformation or shape describing a structure that typically consists of two matching helices intertwined about a common axis, such as the structure of the DNA molecule. |
| Hemoglobin | It is a conjugated protein containing four haem groups and globin.Four subunit globular oxygen carrying protein of the erythrocytes of vertebrates and some invertebrates. |
| Hydrogen bonding | A weak type of chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule |
| Hydrolysis | A chemical reaction in which the interaction of a compound with water results in the decomposition of that compound. |
| Lipid | A fatty or waxy organic compound that is readily soluble in nonpolar solvent but not in polar solvent. Its major biological functions involve energy storage, structural component of cell membrane, and cell signaling. |
| Monomer | The simplest unit, or the repeating unit, of a polymer. |
| Monosacchraide | A simple sugar, example: fructose, glucose, and ribose. |
| Neutral fat | A glycerol molecule bound to three fatty acids; a triglyceride. |
| Nucleic acid | Any of the group of complex compounds consisting of linear chains of monomeric nucleotides whereby each monomeric unit is composed of phosphoric acid, sugar and nitrogenous base. |
| Nucleotide | The basic building block of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. It is an organic compound made up of nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. |
| Organic | An organic compound; or any substance containing carbon-based compounds, especially produced by or derived from living organisms. |
| Peptide bond | The covalent bond joining amino acids, particularly at the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the other amino acid, with the concomitant release of a molecule of water. |
| pH | A measure to determine the acidity or alkalinity of a solution or a substance. |
| Phospholip | A lipid consisting of a glycerol bound to two fatty acids and a phosphate group. |
| Polarity | The presence of or having distinct and opposite poles |
| Polymer | A compound made up of several repeating monomers. |
| Polypeptide | A polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds |
| Ploysaccharide | Any of a class of carbohydrates formed by repeating units linked together by glycosidic bonds. |
| Primary structure | A structure of a biological molecule in which there is a precise sequence or order of monomeric units |
| Protein | A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. Has nitrogen. |
| Quaternary structure | A structural level wherein several proteins interact through non-covalent bonds to form one functional protein complex. |
| R-group | The remainer of amino acid. what makes the 20 amino acid different from each other. |
| Ribonucleic acid (RNA) | A nucleic acid that is generally single stranded, composed of repeating nucleotide units of ribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base. |
| Saturated fatty acid | A form of fatty acid that lacks unsaturated linkages between carbon atoms. |
| Secondary structure | A structure of a biological molecule characterized by the local folding within the biopolymer as a result of hydrogen bonding. |
| Solvent | In a solution, the solvent is the one that is usually present in greater amount than the solute. |
| Starch | A polysaccharide carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose monosaccharide units joined together by glycosidic bonds found especially in seeds, bulbs, and tubers. |
| Steroid | A group name for lipids that contain a hydrogenated cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring system. |
| Tertiary structure | A structure of a biological molecule (such as proteins and nucleic acids) which is in its three dimensional shape, as defined by the atomic coordinates. |
| Unsaturated fatty acid | Fatty acid with one or more double bonds. |
| Nitrogenous base | Nitrogen-bearing compound with chemical properties of a base |
Created by:
pierrick02
Popular Biology sets