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Chapter 5 Vocabulary

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
lava magma that flows out onto Earth's surface.
igneous rock intrusive or extrusive rock formed from the cooling and crystallization of magma or lava.
partial melting process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperatures, changing its composition.
Bowen's reaction series sequential, predictable, dual-branched pattern in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma.
fractional crystallization process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures, removing elements from magma.
intrusive rock coarse-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools slowly and solidifies inside Earth's crust.
extrusive rock fine-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools quickly and solidifies on Earth's surface.
basaltic rock rock that is dark colored,has lower silica contents, and is rich in iron and magnesium; contains mostly plagioclase and pyroxene.
granitic rock light-colored rock that has high silica content, and contains quartz and potasium feldspar.
texture the size, shape, and distribution of the crystals or grains that make up a rock.
porphyritic texture rock texture characterized by large, well-formed crystals surrounded by finer-grained crystals of the same or different mineral.
vesicular texture a spongy looking rock; lava whose gas bubbles do not escape
pegmatite vein deposits of extremely large-grained minerals that can contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium.
kimberlite rare, ultramafic rock that can contain diamonds and other minerals formed only under very high pressures.
Created by: savannahperkins
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