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rlawson-biochemistry

TermDefinition
activation energy minimum amount of energy required to trigger a chemical reaction
active site region of an enzyme into which a particular substrate fits
amino acid monomer that makes up proteins; contains carboxyl and amino functional groups
carbohydrate organic compound made of sugar molecules
conformation the three-dimensional arrangement of side groups on a molecule which can freely rotate into different positions without breaking any bonds.
dehydration synthesis a type of condensation reaction in which monomers join together into polymers while losing water molecules
enzyme specialized protein that catalyzes the chemical reactions of a cell
hydrogen bond bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another molecule
hydrolysis a chemical reaction in which the interaction of a compound with water results in the decomposition of that compound.
lipid one of a class of water-avoiding compounds
lock & key mechanism hypothetical depictions of the enzyme-substrate complex, which forms only when the substrate fits precisely to the active site of the enzyme, similar to the "lock" and "key" mechanism
macromolecules a large complex molecule, such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, with relatively large molecular weight.
monomer small molecular unit that is the building block of a larger molecule
monosaccharide a simple sugar
nucleic acid any of the group of complex compounds consisting of linear chains of monomeric nucleotides whereby each monomeric unit is composed of phosphoric acid, sugar and nitrogenous base
nucleotide building block (monomer) of nucleic acid polymers
organic molecule carbon-based molecule
polymer long chain of small molecular units (monomers)
protein polymer constructed from a set of 20 amino acid monomers
substrate specific reactant acted on by an enzyme
Created by: 2016lawsonr
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