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Biology 2

2.1 and 2.2

TermDefinition
atom the study of chemistry begins with the basic unit of matter
nucleus strong forces bind protons and neutrons together to form the nucleus
electron a negatively charged particle with only 1/1840 the mass of a proton
element a pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
isotope atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain
compound a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
ionic bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
ion positively and negatively charges atoms
molecule the smallest unit of most compounds
covalent bond the moving electrons actually travel about the nuclei of both atoms
van der Waals forces Chemists call such intermolecular forces of attraction van der Waals forces
hydrogen bond the attraction between a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge and another atom with a partial negative charge
cohesion an attraction between molecules of the same substance
adhesion an attraction between molecules of different substances
mixture a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined
solution all the components of a solution are evenly distributed throughout the solution
solute the substance that is dissolved
solvent the substance in which the solute dissolves
suspension mixtures of water and non-dissolved material
pH scale a measurement system to indicate the concentration of H+ ions in solution
acid any compound that forms H+ ions in solution
base a compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution
buffer weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH
Created by: MochrieI17
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