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chap 5 vocab

earth science

QuestionAnswer
Magma that flows out onto Earth's surface. Lava
Form when lava or magma cools and minerals crystallize. Igneous rocks
Process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperatures, changing its composition. Partial melting
Sequential, predictable, dual-branched pattern in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma. Bowen's reaction series
Process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures, removing elements from magma. Fractional crystallization
Coarse-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools slowly and solidifies inside Earth's crust. Intrusive rock
Fine-grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools quickly and solidifies on Earth's surface. Extrusive rock
Dark-colored, have lower silica contents, and contain mostly plagioclase and pyroxene. Basaltic rock
Light-colored, have high silica contents, and contain mostly quartz, potassium feldspar, and plagioclase feldspar. Granitic rock
The size, shape, and distribution of the crystals or grains that make up a rock. Texture
Rock texture characterized by large, well-formed crystals surrounded by finger-grained crystals of the same or different mineral. Porphyritic texture
A spongy-looking rock; lava whose gas bubbles do not escape. Vesicular texture
Vein deposits of extremely large grained minerals that can contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium. Pegmatite
Rare, ultramafic rock that can contain diamonds and other minerals formed only under very high pressures. Kimberlite
Created by: jesse14
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