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biology chapter 7
chapter 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Functions of lysosomes? | Break down large molecules into smaller ones that can be used by the cell also involved in breaking down organelles that have outlived their usefulness |
| Functions of the cytoskeleton? | helps the cell maintain its shape and is also involved in movement |
| cell | basic unit of all forms of life |
| Proteins are assembled on _________? | Ribosomes |
| Eukaryotic Cells | The nucleus separates the genetic material from the rest of the cell |
| Prokaryotic | do not separate their genetic material within a nucleus |
| __________ are assembled on Ribosomes? | Proteins |
| What are the functions of vacuoles? | Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. |
| What does the protein made on the rough ER include? | It includes those that will be released from the ell as well as many membrane proteins destines for specialized locations within the cell |
| What does the Golgi apparatus do? | Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials for storage in the cell or release outside the cell |
| What does the cell membrane regulate? | What enters and leaves the cell and also supports and protects the cell |
| What are the functions of Chloroplasts? | Capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called photo-syntheses. |
| What are the functions of mitochondria? | Convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds hat are more convenient for the cell to use. |
| What is cell theory? | Fundamental concept of biology |
| What does cell theory state? (Three things) | -All living things are made up of cells -Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things -New cells are produced from existing cells |
| What do most microscopes do? | Most microscopes use lenses to magnify the image of an object by focusing light or electrons |
| Cell membrane | a thin flexible barrier surrounding all cells |
| Nucleus | The control center of cells Contains cells genetic material in the form of DNA |
| What does the nucleus contain? | nearly all the cell's DNA and the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules |
| how is a cell like a factory? | Nucleus-boss lysosomes- janitor ribosomes-part of machinery golgi apparatus- packages |
| Differences between plant and animal? | Animals dont have a cell wall or chloroplast and plants dont have centrioles |
| diffusion | the process by which particles move from high concentration to low concentration |
| facilitated diffusion | process in which molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special protein channels |
| aquaporin | water channel poteins that allow water to pass right through them |
| osmosis | water moves to dilute the solute. Diffusion of water |
| isotonic | same concentration of solutions on both sides. "same strength" |
| hypertonic | more concentrated solution |
| hypotonic | less concentrated solution |
| osmotic pressure | the movement of water out of or into a cell produces this force |
| active transport | movement of materials against a concentration difference. It requires energy. Like pushing a ball up a hill |
| passive transport | the movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy. Like a ball going down a hill. |
| homeostasis | relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions |
| how do unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis? | they grow, respond to the environment, transform energy and reproduce. |
| why is it harder for unicellular organisms to maintain homeostasis? | because they have o do everything on their own |
| how do multicellular organisms work together to maintain homeostasis? | the cells become specialized for particular tasks and communicate with one another to maintain homeostasis |
| tissue | group of similar cells that performs a particular funtion |
| organ | many groups of tissue work together as an organ. each muscle in bodys is an organ |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
| receptor | used to respond to chemical signals |
Created by:
CarleyyFriess
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