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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings. |
| Biosphere | the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms. |
| Species | a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomia |
| Population | all the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country. |
| Community | a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common. |
| Ecosystem | a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. |
| Biome | a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat, e.g., forest or tundra. |
| Autotroph | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
| Producer | a person, company, or country that makes, grows, or supplies goods or commodities for sale. |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
| Heterotroph | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
| Consumer | a person who purchases goods and services for personal use. |
| Herbivore | Animal that feeds on plants |
| Carnivore | Animal that feed on red meat. |
| Omnivore | Both eating red meat or plants. |
| Detritiveore | an animal that feeds on dead organic material, esp. plant detritus. |
| Decomposer | an organism, esp. a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material. |
| Food chain | a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food. |
| Food web | a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains. |
| Trophic level | each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy. |
| Ecological pyramid | An ecological pyramid (or trophic pyramid) is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or biomass productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem. |
| Biomass | the total mass of organisms in a given area or volume. |
| Biogeochemical cycle | In ecology and Earth science, a biogeochemical cycle or nutrient cycle is a pathway by which a chemical element or molecule moves through both biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments of Earth. ... |
| Evaporation | vaporization: the process of becoming a vapor |
| Transpiration | the passage of gases through fine tubes because of differences in pressure or temperature |
| Nutrient | a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life. |
| Nitrogen fixation | the series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are interconverted in the environment and in living organisms, including nitrogen fixation and decomposition. |
| Denitrification | denitrify) remove nitrogen from; "Denitrify the soil" |
| Primary productivity | Primary production is the production of organic compounds from atmospheric or aquatic carbon dioxide, principally through the process of photosynthesis, with chemosynthesis being much less important. |
| Limiting nurtient | A limiting factor or limiting resource is a factor that controls a process, such as organism growth or species population, size, or distribution. |
| Algal Bloom | delicate powdery surface deposit on certain fresh fruits, leaves, or stems. |
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