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world Geo 59
Chapter 3&4 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| culture | the way of life that distinguishes a people, for example, government language religion customs, and beliefs |
| population density | the average number of people living in a given area |
| birthrate | the number of live births each year per 1000 people |
| immigrant | a person that moves in to a country |
| emigrant | a person who leaves a country to live somewhere else |
| urbanization | the growth of city populations |
| rural | of, or characteristic of, the countryside |
| culture hearth | a place n which important ideas begin and thereafter spread to surrounding cultures |
| cultural convergence | the contact and interaction of one culture with another |
| diffusion | the process by which a cultural element is transmitted from power is held by one group or individual to another |
| cultural divergence | the process by which people adopt the practices of their neighbors |
| sovereignty | a country's freedom and power to decide on policies and actions |
| unitary system | a system of government in which one central government holds most of the political power |
| federation | a government structure in which some powers are given to the national governments and others powers are reserved for more local governments |
| confederation | a system of government in which individual political units keep their sovereignty but give limited power to a central |
| authoritarian | descriptive of a system of government in which the leaders hold all political power |
| dictatorship | a system of government in which absolute power is held by small group or one person |
| totalitarianism | a system of government in which a central authority controls all aspects of society |
| monarchy | a system of authoritarian government headed by a monarch: a king queen shah or sultan whose position is usually inherited |
| democracy | a system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and determine government policy |
| traditional ecanomy | an economic system in which families produce goods and services for there own use,with little surplus and exchange of goods also known as a subsistence economy |
| market economy | an economic system in which decisions about production price and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand |
| command economy | an economic system that is controlled by a single central government |
| Natural resources | a material in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs |
| Renewable Resources | a natural resource that the environment contentious to supply or replace as it is used |
| nonrenewable resource | a natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used |
| fossil fuel | any one of several nonrenewable mineral resources formed from the remains of ancient plants ans animals ans used for fuel |
| nuclear energy | The energy released during nuclear fission or fusion |
| water power | Power that is derived from the weight or motion of water, used as a force to drive machinery |
| geothermal energy | energy derived from the heat in the interior of the earthenergy derived from the heat in the interior of the earth |
| solar energy | Radiant energy emitted by the sun |
| primary economic activity | using natural resources: farming, fishing, lumbering, mining |
| subsistence farming | farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing |
| commercial farming | food production for market sale. Farmer has economic aims such as profit maximization. |
| secondary economic activity | an economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater value |
| cottage industry | A business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person's home |
| tertiary economic activity | services provided for others in exchange for money or product: banking, nursing, teaching |
| Quaternary economic activity | an economic activity that focuses on the acquisitions processing ans sharing of information such as education or research |
| export | an item that is sent out of the country for sale |
| import | an item brought into the country for sale |
| commercial industry | a large scale manufacturing operation that employs many people and produce large quantities of goods |
Created by:
nickunderwood
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