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AP MOD. I-chemistry

TermDefinition
proton positively charged particle
neutron uncharged particle
electron negatively charged particle
atomic mass number of protons and neutrons combined
element pure substance made up of one kind of atom
molecule group of atoms
compound substances whose molecules have more than one kind of atom
ionic bond bond formed by the positve-negative attraction of two atoms
covalent bond bond formed when atoms share electrons
dehydration synthesis water is removed from small molecules to form larger ones
hydrolysis water is added to large molecules to make smaller molecules
acid pH value below 7
base pH value above 7
buffers chemicals that maitain stable pH
carbohydrates organis compound,stores energy
monosaccharide basic unit of carbohydrate, one sugar "simple sugar"-(glucose)
disaccharide double sugar-(sucrose, lactose)
polysaccharide complex carbohydrate-(glycogen)
lipids fats and oils
triglycerides glycerol unit with three fatty acids
phospholipids phosphorus-containing unit with a head and two tails
cholesterol steroid structure
proteins made up of amino acids
structural proteins form structures in the body
functional proteins protein that regulates chemical reactions in the body
enzymes help chemical reactions occur-"lock-and -key"
collagen fibrous protein that holds tissues together
keratin "waterproofing" fibers in outer layer of skin
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid-cells "master code"
RNA ribonucleic acid-"working copy" of a gene
ATP transfers energy from nutrients to cellular processes.
Created by: ddoyon
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