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C&L Ch 3 Science Voc

Mr. Stickler's C&L Ch. 3 Science Vocab. - whole list.

TermDefinition
Mitochondrion The organelle considered to be the powerhouse of the cell.
Vacuole Stores food, water, and wastes.
Ribosome Proteins are made in the ribosome.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Transports material around the cell.
Glucose The simplest form of sugar, used as a source of energy.
Fermentation Yeast performs this when bread rises.
Lactic acid fermentation Takes place in some fungi, bacteria, and muscle cells; the by-product is lactic acid.
Alcohol fermentation Takes place in yeast and some kinds of bacteria; by-products are alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Facilitated diffusion When an ion moves through the cell membrane, using the channel of an embedded protein.
Osmosis The diffusion of water through a membrane that allows specific substances to pass through.
Somatic cell A body cell other than a reproductive cell.
Chromatid The two halves of a duplicated chromosome.
Meiosis The reproductive type of cell division that produces 4 cells.
Gamete Cells formed for sexual reproduction.
Binary fission A unicellular organism splits into two identical cells.
Budding The type of asexual reproduction in which a projection of a parent organism stays attached to or breaks away to form a new organism.
Passive transport When oxygen moves through the membrane from high to low concentration.
Active transport When an organism uses energy to move a molecule from low to high concentration.
Mitosis The stage of the cell cycle when the nucleus divides into two cells.
Vegetative reproduction Parts grow out of the parent plant and become individual plants.
Nucleus The control center of the cell.
Golgi body Receives, packages, and disperses materials.
Cell membrane Controls what enters and exits the cell.
Lysosome Digests food particles and old cell parts.
Interphase (cell cycle) Cell grows and duplicates its DNA.
Mitosis (cell cycle) Nucleus divides into 2 nuclei.
Prophase (cell cycle) DNA forms x-shaped chromosomes and spindle fibers appear.
Metaphase (cell cycle) Chromosomes meet down the middle.
Anaphase (cell cycle) Chromosomes separate at the centromeres.
Telophase (cell cycle) Chromosomes uncoil and 2 new nuclear membranes form.
Cytokinesis Cell membrane pinches the cytoplasm into 2 cells.
Created by: sticklerpjpII
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