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Biology 211:M&Th
Bio 211 study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The field of biology that is concerned with the describing, naming, and classifying living and extinct organisms and viruses | Taxonomy |
| Study of biological diversity and evolutionary relationships | Systematics |
| The evolutionary history of a species is it's what? | Phylogeny |
| Order the hierarchical group | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes | Prokaryotes don't have nucleus, golgi apparatus, or mitochondria, but they do have ribosomes. |
| A branching point in a phylogenetic tree | Node |
| Where a single species evolves into a different species | Anagenesis |
| Where a single species diverges into two or more species | Cladogenesis |
| A common ancestral species and its entire descendant species from a phylogenetic tree | Clade |
| Which domain has membrane lipids with ether linkages, that help resist damage by heat and extreme conditions? | Archaea |
| Live in highly saline environments and are found in the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea | Halophiles |
| Produced earth's first oxygen rich atmosphere? | Cyanobacteria |
| Cyanobacteria contains abundant what? | Photosynthesis bacteria |
| Have thick peptidogylcan cell walls and is vulnerable to penicillin and related antibiotics | Gram-postive bacteria |
| Have thin peptidogylcan cell walls enclosed by a lipopolysaccharide envelopes | Gram-negative bacteria |
| The process whereby an organism receives genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism | Horizontal gene transfer |
| Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) carry bacterial genes from one host cell to another | Transduction |
| Genetic material in cell is altered by the uptake of foreign DNA from the cell's surroundings. | Transformation |
| Genetic material is transferred between two cells that are temporarily joined | Conjugation |
| Bacteria and Archaea reproduce asexually by | Binary Fisson |
| Don't need help getting food | Autotrophs |
| All living cells require what to build organic molecules | Energy and a source of carbon |
| Can't produce their own food | Heterotrophs |
| Obligated aerobes | Require O2 |
| Facultative anaerobes | Can use O2, but not required |
| Obligated anaerobes | Poisoned by O2 |
| Aerotolerant anaerobes | Don't use O2, but are not poisoned by it |
| Cyanbacteria and other prokaryotes can metabolize nitrogen? | Diazotrophs |
| The Structure that enables some Gram-positive bacteria to remain dormant for extremely long periods of time? | Endospores |
| Thrive in very hot environments, may produce methane, and often metabolize sulfur | Hyperthermophiles |
| The process of using bacteria as a way to clean stuff (Oil Spills) | Bioremediation |
| Many prokaryotes have symbiotic relationships with eukaryotes such as | Mutualism (both organisms benefit) and Parasitism (one organism benefits and the other is harmed: parasite and host) |
| Seven eukaryotic supergroups | Excavata, Land Plants Relatives, Alveolata, Stramenopila, Rhizaria, Amoebozoa, Opisthokonta |
| Protists that swim or float | Phytoplankton |
| Earth's first eukaryotes | Protists |
| Protists that are hooked or anchored to rocks or plants | Periphyton |
| Ingestive heterotrophs (phagocytosis) | Phagotrophs |
| Uptake of small organisms | Osmotrophs |
| Photosynthetic protist | Photoautotrophs |
| Photosynthetic as well as phagotrophy or osmotrophy | Mixotrophs |
| Dinoflagellates that can bloom on the surface of the water when conditions are right causes? | Red Tide |
| Heterotrophic, has a single large mitochondria, | Kinetoplastid |
| Sacklike membraneous vesicles | Alveoli |
| Charophycean share several key traits with land plants | Distinctive type of cytokinesis, Intercellular connections known as plasmodesmata, reproduce by eggs and sperm, |
| Distinctive features of land plants | Apical meristems, alternation generation, maternally dependent embryos, reproductive cells with tough walls, specialized traits that generate, protect, and disperse reproductive cells |
| In alternation of generations the plants cycles through a multicellular haploid ____ stage and produces ___, and a multicellular diploid ___ stage that produces ____. | Gametophyte; gametes Sporophyte; spores |
| Gametes produces in alternation of generation are eggs produced in famale structure called | Archegonia |
| Sperm are produced in male structures called | Antheridia |
| Transports water and minerals | Xylem |
| Transports amino acids and sugar | Phloem |
| A single unbranched vein | Lycophyll |
| Branched veins | Euphylls |
| In vascular plants the sporophyte is ____, than the gametophyte | Larger |
| Female gametophyes | Megaspores |
| Male gametophyes | Microspores |
| In nonvascular plants the gametophyte is ___, than the sporophyte | Larger |
| A waxy cuticles is an adaptation that | Helps to prevent water loss from the trachephytes |
| Seed plant that has flowers, produce seeds enclosed in fruits, and a seed with endosperm | Angiosperm |
| Naked seed, no flower, no endosperm | Gymnosperm |
| Part of the leaf that can close and open to help assist the entrance of water or prevent the evaporation of water | Stomata |
| Seedless plants | Homosporous |
| Seed plants | Heterosporous |
| Part of the plant that encloses the flower | Sepal |
| Part of plant that produces pollen | Stamen |
| The process by which two or more species of organisms influence each other's evoluntionary pathway | Coevolution |
| Produces ovules | Carpals |
| Embryos have one cotyledon | Monocots |
| Embryos have two cotyledon | Eudicots |
Created by:
Kiearrah
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