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NHCTC A&P II Final
NHCTC A&P II Final Exam Rev
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ductless Glands are Called? | Endocrine (Ductless) |
| Tropic Hormones are Produced? | Tropic Hormones Produced in Pituitary and Stimulate other glands |
| Where will a hormone exert it's effects? | Hormones exert their effects on only on Target Cells, Tissues, or Organs |
| TSH Stimulates thyroid to produce tyroxine. As Plasma levels of Thyroxine Increase, the Thyroxine causes a decrease in TSH production. This is an example of ? | Negative Feedback Control |
| Which Hormones are produced in the Hypothalamus then released by the posterior pituitary? | ADH & Oxytocin are produced by Hypothalamus and released by the Posterior Pituitary |
| Steriod Action at te celluar level do the following? | Steriods at Cell level: Easily Pass thru membrane, receptors are either in the cytoplasm or nucleus, the receptor complex activates specific genes which initiates synthesis of specific proteins |
| Steriod Hormones are? | Steroid Hormones are derived from Cholesterol |
| A Pt. w/all 4 parathyroid glands removed would likely have problems with? | Pt w/ all 4 Parathyroid glands removed would likely have problems with Low Calcium Levels |
| Which gland could be considered an extension of the sympathectic division of the ANS? | The Adrenal Medulla could be considered and extension of the Sympathetic Div of ANS |
| Pt w/Low Na and K might have low levels of which Hormone? | Aldosterone controls (elevates) levels of Na+ and K+ |
| The hormone Aldosterone is produced in the? | Aldosterone is produced in the Adrenal Cortex |
| Cortisl is considered a Glucocorticoid produced in the? | Cortisol is produced in the Adrenal Cortex |
| Which Hormones Raise Glucose levels? | Glucagon, Cortisol, & Epinephrine all Raise Glucose levels |
| Thyroxine is converted to ? | Thyroxine (T4) is Converted to T3, so it can be used alone to Tx an Underactive Thyroid |
| What does Calcitonin and PTH do? | Calcitonin & PTH do Not Lower blood Calcium! They raise calcium levels! |
| Where are receptors for Protein Hormones? | Protein Hormones have recptrs on the cell membrane and work by 2nd Messengers |
| Prolactin in Males do not do what? | Prolactin in Males does Not Inhibit the enlargement of breast tissue in Males |
| Insulin acts as what type of hormone? | Insulin acts are both endocrine and exocrine hormone |
| What does Parathyroid Hormone do to Vit D? | Parathyroid Activates Vit. D |
| Where does Hypothalmus releasing/inhibiting hormones get carried to from the portal vein? | Hypothalamus Releasing/Inhibiting Hormones are carried by the portal vein to the Anterior Pituitary |
| The Anterior Pituitary Secretes? | Anterior Pituitary: TSH, ACTH, Prolactin, GH,... |
| Insulin is produced in the? | Insulin is produced in the pancreas and lowers blood glucose |
| Oxytocin stimulates? | Oxytocin stimulates Uterine contractions during labor, and milk "letdown" during nursing |
| Cortisol is secreted by the? | Cortisol is secreted by the Adrenal Cortex |
| Glucagon made in the? | Glucagon is made in Pancreas & raises Glucose |
| FSH stimulates? | FSH stimulates egg production in females and sperm in males |
| Epi and NorEpi are secreted by ? | Epi/NorEpi secreted by the Adrenal Medulla |
| The Adrenal Cortex is the target gland for which hormone? | ACTH is the hormone that works on the Adrenal Cortex |
| Prolactin stimulates? | Prolactin stimulates milk |
| Parathyroid Gland makes the only hormone that stimulates? | Parathyroid gland makes (hormone: Calcitonin) that Increases Calcium levels |
| 2 major components of whole blood ? | plasma & formed elements are 2 maj comp of whole blood |
| Deficiency of Erythrocytes causes ? | Low Erythrocytes causes Anemia |
| Conversion of Fibrinogen to Fibrin produces? | Blood Clot |
| Most Clotting Factors are Synth in which Organ? | Clotting Factors Synth in the Liver |
| The primary function of Neutrophils? | Neutrophils primary function is Phagocytosis |
| Hemostasis is associated w/ ? | Hemostasis is associated closely with Platelets |
| Release of Erythropoiten is stimulated by? | EP release is Stim by low levels of Oxygen in tissues |
| What are the components of Plasma? | Plasma components: Water, Proteins, Antibodies (not Lymphocytes they are not disolved so lymphocytes are cells and are formed elements) |
| Which mature blood cells do Not contain a nucleus? | the RBC does not contain a Nu |
| What are platelets made of? | Platelets are fragments of megakaryocyte blood cells |
| What is a Leukocyte? | A Leukocyte is all of the white blood cells |
| What is needed for proper RBC production? | RBC production req's: Iron, Vit B12, & Folic Acid |
| Erythropoiten (EP) is produced in the ? | EP is produced in the Kidney and Liver |
| EP stimulates? | EP stim's RBC production |
| Type AB blood has which antigens? | AB blood has AB antigens |
| Type A blood has which Antibodies? | Type A has Anti-B Anti-Bodies |
| Blood cells mostly involved in immunity are? | Lymphocytes |
| Ave adult blood volume ? | ave adult blood volume is 5-6 L |
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