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patho antibiotics

antibiotics to know

QuestionAnswer
PCN + beta lactamase inhibitor augmentin- amoxycillin+ clavulanate protects beta lactam ring of antibiotic from enzyme breakdown
Penecillin Family naming have "cillin" ending can cause serious anaphylaxis
Cephalosporin naming "cef" prefix 1st generation targeted G+, later generations targeted G-
Nitrofurantoin use used for chronic UTIs
Macrolides naming "micin, mycin" in name azithromycin, erythromycin
Aminoglycosides naming end in "micin, mycin" gentamicin
Aminoglycosides ADR nephro, oto and neurotoxic
vancomycin use and mechanism inhibits cell wall synthesis historical drug of choice for C Diff
Flouroquinolone/ quinolones naming "floxican in name"
sulfonamides mechanism block folic acid synthesis thereby inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis antimetabolites
sulfamethoxazole is... Septra
tetracycline naming have "cline" in name
tetracycline ADRs disrupt tooth enamel, kidney and liver damage, pregnancy risk to mom and baby
Rifampin and Isoniazid target organism m. tuberculosis other mycobacterium's
metronidazole trade name and mechanism trade name is Flagyl produces free radicals to disrupt DNA synthesis
mupirocin trade name and use trade name is Bactroban ointment used for Impetigo or Staph
Families that inhibit DNA synthesis fluroquinolones metronidazole
Families that inhibit protein synthesis aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides
Families that inhibit cell wall synthesis PCN, cephalosporin
Penecillin mechanism inhibit cell wall synthesis and lower integrity of cell wall
beta lactams include cephalosporin and PCN inhibit cell wall synthesis
Macrolides bind to ribosome to INHIBIT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Aminoglycosides mechanism block early steps of PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
quinolones mechanism inhibit enzymes of DNA SYNTHESIS
sulfonamides naming have "metho" in name
tetracylcine mechanism inhibit ribosomal PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
RTI- nucleoside zidovudine
RTI- nonnucleoside efavirenz- targets the enzyme itself
RTI- nucleotide tenofovir- targets the nucleotides of the transcription process
HAART highly active antiretroviral therapy Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors Protease Inhibitors (never given alone)
secondary HAART mechanisms CCR5 co receptor antagonist, fusion inhibitor, integrase inhibitor
filgrastim for HIV treatment increases neutrophils production (Neupogen)
interleukin 2 for HIV treatment stimulates T cell production but people can't tolerate
erythropoietin increases RBC production
mechanism of antifungals damage cell wall by binding to sterols and interfere with DNA synthesis
antifungal ADRs liver damage
antifungal naming have "azole" in name
systemic fungal infections treated with amphotericin B- severe ADRs (bone marrow suppression, low BP) pretreatment with Benedryl to suppress inflammation required
antiviral mechanism block fusion or suppress replication not very effective
antiviral naming end in "vir" Tamiflu
ceflexin generation 1st generation G+ trade name is Keflex
ceftriaxone generation 3rd G-
Created by: NurseJoel
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