Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Environmental Bio 13
Chapters 1, 2, and 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sustainability: | Capacity to endure (maintain) |
| How old is the Earth? | 4.6 Billion Years |
| How old is Life on Earth? | 2.6 Billion Years |
| Humans have been around for how many years? and percent/. | 25,0000 Years and 75% |
| How long ago have Human's caused major changes? | 500 Years |
| what has life survived? | many catastrophes (i.e the earthquakes) |
| What are the 3 key principles of sustainability? (core case study) | Solar Energy, Biodiversity, Chemical Cycling |
| What are the solutions? (2) | Understanding our environment, and practicing sustainability |
| what does solar energy do? | -Warms the earth -provides energy for plants to make food for other organisms -Provides energy wind and solar panel energy can be turning into electricity |
| Biodiversity is? (Biological Diversity) | -Large variety of species -Many Ecosystems (Deserts, Forests, Oceans, Grasslands) |
| Chemical Cycling does? | -Natural processes recycle nutrients -Recycling is necessary because there is a fixed supply of these nutrients on earth -Nutrients cycle from living organisms to the nonliving environment and back -Chemical cycles are necessary to sustain life |
| What are the two materials of natural resources? | Renewable and Nonrenewable |
| Renewable? | Air,water,soil, plants |
| Nonrenewable? | oil and coal |
| Perpetual is? | -renewed continuously (Solar energy) |
| Renewable is? | –days to centuries (.Water .Air .Grasslands .Forest .Soils .Fish populations) |
| what is a Ecological footprint? | The amount of biologically productive land and water needed to indefinitely supply the people in a given area with renewable resources |
| What is Per capita ecological footprint? | Average ecological footprint of an individual in a given area |
| Ecological deficit: | Total ecological footprint greater than biological capacity for resource renewal and absorption of wastes and pollution |
| How many earths do humans currently need? (ecological deficit) | 1.3 earths |
| Who are the Developed countries? | (United States, Japan, New Zealand, most of Europe, some others) -19% world population -Use 88% of world’s resources -Create 75% of world’s pollution |
| Developed countries use? | -Use far fewer resources per capita than developed countries -Smaller per capita ecological footprint |
| Developed countries are what percent of worlds population? | 81% world population |
| What is pollution? | Contamination of the environment by chemical or other agent such as noise and heat that is harmful to Earths organisms |
| what is point sources? | Single identifiable sources (i.e. factory) |
| what is non-point sources? | Dispersed and difficult to identify (i.e. pesticide from crops runoff into water supply) |
| what is pollution prevention? | Prevent pollutants from entering the environment |
| what is pollution clean up? | -After pollutants released into environment -Temporary fix only -Often results in different pollution: burning garbage -Dispersed pollutants usually too costly to clean up effectively |
| what are the causes of environmental problems? | -Population -unsustainable resource use -poverty -excluding environmental cost from market use (i.e a wood table from a tree) |
| what are the 3 big ideas for sustainability? | -Rely more on renewable energy from the sun -Protect biodiversity -Do not disrupt earth’s natural chemical cycles |
| what is energy? | the capacity to do work or transfer heat |
| what is the types of energy? | Potential energy and Kinetic energy |
| what is Kinetic energy? | *energy in motion* -Burning gasoline -Water flowing through dam turbines |
| what is Potential energy? | *stored energy* -Gasoline -Water behind a dam |
| what is the First law of thermodynamics? | -Energy input = Energy output -Energy is neither created or destroyed -Energy only changes from one form to another |
| what is point sources? | Single identifiable sources (i.e. factory) |
| what is non-point sources? | Dispersed and difficult to identify (i.e. pesticide from crops runoff into water supply) |
| what is pollution prevention? | Prevent pollutants from entering the environment |
| what is pollution clean up? | -After pollutants released into environment -Temporary fix only -Often results in different pollution: burning garbage -Dispersed pollutants usually too costly to clean up effectively |
| what are the causes of environmental problems? | -Population -unsustainable resource use -poverty -excluding environmental cost from market use (i.e a wood table from a tree) |
| what are the 3 big ideas for sustainability? | -Rely more on renewable energy from the sun -Protect biodiversity -Do not disrupt earth’s natural chemical cycles |
| what is energy? | the capacity to do work or transfer heat |
| what is the types of energy? | Potential energy and Kinetic energy |
| what is Kinetic energy? | *energy in motion* -Burning gasoline -Water flowing through dam turbines |
| what is Potential energy? | *stored energy* -Gasoline -Water behind a dam |
| what is the First law of thermodynamics? | -Energy input = Energy output -Energy is neither created or destroyed -Energy only changes from one form to another |
| what is the second law of thermodynamics? | -Energy use results in lower-quality energy -Dispersed heat loss |
| Incandescent light bulb uses? (Consequences of the Second Law of Thermodynamics) | -5% useful light -95% heat |
| Automobiles use? (Consequences of the Second Law of Thermodynamics) | -13% moves car -87% dissipates as low-quality heat into the environment |
| what is Radioactive decay? | unstable isotopes (variants of atoms w/ diff. # of neutrons. |
| what are examples of radioactive energy? | -Alpha particles -Beta particles -Gamma rays |
| what does the natural green house effect do? | Keeps planet warm enough to sustain life |
| what are examples of radioactive energy? | -Alpha particles -Beta particles -Gamma rays |
| what does the natural green house effect do? | Keeps planet warm enough to sustain life |
| Runaway Greenhouse effect? | Human actions accelerating a warming environment 1.How much of the warming is caused by humans adding carbon dioxide to atmosphere? 2.How much will the atmosphere warm in the future, and what effects will it have? |
| whats wrong with a little global warming? | *Rising sea levels and changes in weather (difference in extreme patterns of heat, cold, rain, drought) - Increased global temperatures will continue to melt glaciers and ice caps, submerging entire islands |
| what is chemistry? | the study of matter |
| matter is? | -Anything that has mass and occupies space -Composed of elements |
| Elements is? | -Cannot be broken down to a simpler form -Periodic table of elements – lists all known elements |
| what is Atomic Theory? | elements made from atoms |
| (atoms) Protons are? | positive charge |
| (atoms) Neutrons are? | uncharged |
| (atoms)Electrons are? | negative charged |
| Nucleus is? | -One or more protons -Usually one or more neutrons |
| what is Atomic number? | Number of Protons |
| what is Mass number? | Neutrons + protons |
| what is Isotopes? | -Same atomic number, different mass -Same number of protons, different number of neutrons |
| what are Examples of familiar theories? | -Evolution -Atomic theory (Matter is made up of atoms) -Cell theory (all living organisms are made up of cell/s) -Heliocentrism (Earth revolves around the sun) -Plate tectonics -Climate Change |
| For a hypothesis to become a theory it must: | -Be broad -Be extensively tested -Be supported over time -Explain a broad range of facts -Have a high degree of reliability |
| what is an Ion? | One or more net positive or negative electrical charges |
| what is a Molecule? | Combination of two or more atoms |
| what is Chemical formula? | Number and type of each atom or ion (H20,C02,O2) |
| Compounds are? | -Organic (Carbon and hydrogen-based molecules) -Inorganic (Non- ^) |
| what is cells? | smallest and most fundamental unit of life. *All organisms made of cells |
| what do Genes do? | contain genetic information to make proteins |
| DNA is? | what genes are made of. Our genetic blueprint (Genes) |
| what is Traits? | characteristic passed from parents to offspring. i.e. blue eyes, male pattern baldness, Alzheimers etc. (Genes) |
| Chromosomes is? | thousands of genes. Humans have 23 chromosomes. XX & XY included |
| what is proteins? | what our genes encode for. Keratin (Hair & fingernails), Collagen (keeps skin looking young), Casein (food source present in animal milk, why milk is “milky”). (Chromosomes) |
| what is a Physical change in matter? | No change in chemical composition. i.e. cut aluminum foil. Still aluminum but smaller |
| What is a Chemical change in matter? | change in chemical composition |
| what is Law of Conservation of Matter? | Matter is not created or destroyed. it only changes from one form to another |
| what is *Nuclear fission? | -Large mass isotopes split apart -Chain reaction |
| what is *Nuclear fusion? | -Two light isotopes forced together -High temperature to start reaction -Stars |
| what are Decomposers? | organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms Ingest food at a molecular scale |
| what are Detrivores? | Worms. Millipedes. Feed on the waste or dead bodies of organisms. Break down organic at a larger scale relative to bacteria and fungus |
| what are the 2 major types of Decomposers? | Fungus and Bacteria |
| Fungus is? | Secrete enzymes to break down organic matter then absorbs the nutrients |
| Bacteria can? | break down almost every type of organic matter. Gram of soil has 40 million bacterial cells on average. |
| Photosynthesis? | Carbon dioxide + water + solar energy glucose (sugar) + oxygen |
| Aerobic respiration? | Glucose (carbohydrates) + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy |
| what are Microorganisms/Microbes? | -Bacteria -Protozoa -Fungi |
| Microbes can cause what diseases? | -Malaria -Athlete’s foot |
| Microbes are also beneficial: | Intestinal flora Purify water (water treatment plant) |
| how is the Water cycle is powered by the sun? | Evaporation Precipitation Transpiration - evaporates from plant surfaces |
| transpiration does? | evaporating from plant surfaces |
| Water vapor in the atmosphere comes from what percent of the oceans? | 84% |
| Over land what percent of water reaching the atmosphere comes from transpiration? | 90% |
| Tropical Rainforests Are Disappearing? | near the equator 2% land surface ~50% world’s known terrestrial plant and animal species ≥50% destroyed or disturbed by humans Cutting trees Growing crops Grazing cattle Building settlements |
Created by:
amschmit
Popular Biology sets